Mariano Stefania, Carata Elisabetta, Calcagnile Lucio, Panzarini Elisa
Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Jul 12;16(7):932. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16070932.
Cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with traditional therapies like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation often accompanied by systemic toxicity and damage to healthy tissues. Despite progress in treatment, these approaches have limitations such as non-specific targeting, systemic toxicity, and resistance development in cancer cells. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a revolutionary frontier in cancer therapy, offering potential solutions to these challenges. Nanoparticles, due to their unique physical and chemical properties, can carry therapeutic payloads, navigate biological barriers, and selectively target cancer cells. Metal-based nanoparticles, in particular, offer unique properties suitable for various therapeutic applications. Recent advancements have focused on the integration of metal-based nanoparticles to enhance the efficacy and precision of photodynamic therapy. Integrating nanotechnology into cancer therapy represents a paradigm shift, enabling the development of strategies with enhanced specificity and reduced off-target effects. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal role of metal-based nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy. We explore the mechanisms, biocompatibility, and applications of metal-based nanoparticles in photodynamic therapy, highlighting the challenges and the limitations in their use, as well as the combining of metal-based nanoparticles/photodynamic therapy with other strategies as a synergistic therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
癌症仍然是一项重大的全球健康挑战，像手术、化疗和放疗等传统疗法常常伴随着全身毒性以及对健康组织的损害。尽管在治疗方面取得了进展，但这些方法存在诸如非特异性靶向、全身毒性以及癌细胞产生耐药性等局限性。近年来，纳米技术已成为癌症治疗领域的一个革命性前沿领域，为应对这些挑战提供了潜在的解决方案。纳米颗粒由于其独特的物理和化学性质，能够携带治疗载荷、跨越生物屏障并选择性地靶向癌细胞。特别是金属基纳米颗粒具有适合各种治疗应用的独特性质。最近的进展集中在整合金属基纳米颗粒以提高光动力疗法的疗效和精准度。将纳米技术整合到癌症治疗中代表着一种范式转变，能够开发出具有更高特异性和更低脱靶效应的策略。本综述旨在全面了解金属基纳米颗粒在光动力疗法中的关键作用。我们探讨了金属基纳米颗粒在光动力疗法中的作用机制、生物相容性和应用，强调了其使用中的挑战和局限性，以及将金属基纳米颗粒/光动力疗法与其他策略相结合作为癌症治疗的协同治疗方法。
