College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Nat Commun. 2024 Jul 28;15(1):6362. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50557-w.
Autonomic nervous system disorders play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. Regulating it is essential for preventing and treating acute ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Photothermal neuromodulation is a nonimplanted technique, but the response temperature ranges of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and TWIK-related K Channel 1 (TREK1) exhibit differences while being closely aligned, and the acute nature of VAs require that it must be rapid and precise. However, the low photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) still poses limitations in achieving rapid and precise treatment. Here, we achieve a nearly perfect blackbody absorption and a high PCE in the second near infrared (NIR-II) window (73.7% at 1064 nm) via a Pt nanoparticle shell (PtNP-shell). By precisely manipulating the photothermal effect, we successfully achieve rapid and precise multimodal neuromodulation encompassing neural activation (41.0-42.9 °C) and inhibition (45.0-46.9 °C) in a male canine model. The NIR-II photothermal modulation additionally achieves multimodal reversible autonomic modulation and confers protection against acute VAs associated with myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in interventional therapy.
自主神经系统紊乱在心血管疾病的病理生理学中起着关键作用。调节自主神经系统对于预防和治疗急性室性心律失常（VA）至关重要。光热神经调节是一种非植入技术，但瞬时受体电位香草酸 1（TRPV1）和 TWIK 相关钾通道 1（TREK1）的响应温度范围虽然紧密一致，但急性 VA 的性质要求其必须快速而精确。然而，低光热转换效率（PCE）仍然限制了快速而精确的治疗效果。在这里，我们通过 Pt 纳米颗粒壳（PtNP-shell）在近红外二区（NIR-II）窗口（1064nm 时为 73.7%）实现了近乎完美的黑体吸收和高光热转换效率。通过精确控制光热效应，我们成功地在雄性犬模型中实现了快速而精确的多模态神经调节，包括神经激活（41.0-42.9°C）和抑制（45.0-46.9°C）。NIR-II 光热调节还实现了多模态可逆自主调节，并在介入治疗中提供了针对与心肌缺血再灌注损伤相关的急性 VA 的保护。
