Mishra Swastik, Puzhankara Lakshmi
Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Microrna. 2025;14(1):9-18. doi: 10.2174/0122115366305491240708060422.
microRNAs are a family of small, non-coding RNA molecules that can regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs). Numerous miRNAs have been proposed as potential indicators for periodontal disease, and their regulation might serve as a potent means of restricting the disease process. MiRNAs act as important immune system regulators that promote the production of many cytokines, including interferon (IFN), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and IL-1as well as RANK. Investigations pertaining to the use of specific miRNAs as therapeutic agents are underway. They can influence a variety of regulatory organs and target several genes. Additionally, distinct components of the same expression pathway can be controlled by combining miRNAs and their antagonists. In recent years, many miRNA delivery methods have been created for therapeutic applications. Studies pertaining to the role of miRNAs in periodontal disease pathogenesis may pave the way for the use of miRNAs as biomarkers of periodontal disease. A complete understanding of the role of miRNA in periodontal disease and its mechanism of action can pave the way towards therapeutic strategies that can reduce or even prevent the progression of periodontal diseases.
微小RNA是一类小的非编码RNA分子，可调节信使RNA（mRNA）的翻译。许多微小RNA已被提出作为牙周病的潜在指标，其调控可能是限制疾病进程的有效手段。微小RNA作为重要的免疫系统调节剂，可促进包括干扰素（IFN）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）、白细胞介素-1以及核因子κB受体活化因子（RANK）等多种细胞因子的产生。有关使用特定微小RNA作为治疗剂的研究正在进行中。它们可影响多种调节器官并靶向多个基因。此外，通过将微小RNA与其拮抗剂结合，可控制同一表达途径的不同组分。近年来，已开发出许多用于治疗应用的微小RNA递送方法。有关微小RNA在牙周病发病机制中作用的研究可能为将微小RNA用作牙周病生物标志物铺平道路。全面了解微小RNA在牙周病中的作用及其作用机制可为减少甚至预防牙周病进展的治疗策略铺平道路。
