McLaughlin Megan M, Beatty Alexis L
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, M1184A, San Francisco, CA 94117, USA.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Am J Prev Cardiol. 2024 Jun 24;19:100703. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2024.100703. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and affects nearly one-third of women in the U.S. Prior research has demonstrated declining rates of blood pressure (BP) control nationally among women, and there are significant racial and ethnic disparities in both hypertension prevalence and outcomes among U.S. women. However, national-level data on attitudes and awareness of women with hypertension are limited. To address this gap, data were analyzed from participants with self-reported hypertension enrolled in the American Heart Association's Research Goes Red Registry. Of 6170 women who responded as of February 2023, 1835 (30 %) reported a history of hypertension. The top health concerns reported among women with hypertension were weight, healthcare access and costs, and hypertension. Health concerns varied significantly by age, race, and ethnicity; younger women and Black and Hispanic women were more likely to report hypertension as their top concern. Among women with self-reported hypertension, 77 % reported knowing their BP, and 90 % reported being on an anti-hypertensive. Black and Hispanic women were less likely to know their BP compared to White women. Younger women were less likely to be treated for hypertension, and there were also disparities in treatment by employment status and among uninsured women. In this national registry of women in the U.S., gaps and disparities exist in awareness and treatment of hypertension, highlighting targets for quality improvement in hypertension care for women.
高血压是心血管疾病的一个重要可改变风险因素，影响着近三分之一的美国女性。先前的研究表明，全国范围内女性的血压控制率在下降，而且美国女性在高血压患病率和治疗结果方面存在显著的种族和族裔差异。然而，关于高血压女性的态度和认知的国家级数据有限。为了填补这一空白，对美国心脏协会“红色研究注册”中自我报告患有高血压的参与者的数据进行了分析。截至2023年2月回复的6170名女性中，1835名（30%）报告有高血压病史。高血压女性报告的首要健康问题是体重、医疗服务可及性和费用以及高血压。健康问题因年龄、种族和族裔而有显著差异；年轻女性以及黑人和西班牙裔女性更有可能将高血压报告为首要问题。在自我报告患有高血压的女性中，77%报告知道自己的血压，90%报告正在服用降压药。与白人女性相比，黑人和西班牙裔女性知道自己血压的可能性较小。年轻女性接受高血压治疗的可能性较小，而且在就业状况和未参保女性中，治疗方面也存在差异。在美国这个全国性的女性注册研究中，高血压的认知和治疗存在差距和差异，凸显了改善女性高血压护理质量的目标。
