Nantes Université, Laboratory Movement - Interactions - Performance (MIP), UR 4334, Nantes, France.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2024 Sep;24(9):1278-1286. doi: 10.1002/ejsc.12176. Epub 2024 Jul 28.
In fencing, it remains unclear whether practice enhances visual-spatial attention allocation. We explored whether this ability is improved in fencers and if it is related to attack speed and accuracy. Twelve novices (<1 year of experience) and 12 trained epee fencers (18 ± 10 years of experience) visited the laboratory twice (familiarization and testing session). They performed a covert orienting of visuospatial attention test (COVAT) on a computer and an epee test, involving 30 trials of 3 shuttles followed by fast attack phases where the fencers quickly hit a target (randomly proposed out of 8). We measured COVAT reaction time, number of successful target hits, and execution time to hit in the fencing test. We found shorter COVAT reaction time for trained fencers (332 ± 24 ms) versus novices (367 ± 32 ms; p < 0.001). The number of hits was greater for trained fencers (22 ± 3) versus novices (16 ± 3; p < 0.001). ANCOVA showed a difference in execution time at the test (823 ± 73 ms vs. 913 ± 141 ms, p = 0.035). A relationship was found between hits and execution time and between execution time and COVAT reaction time for the trained group (r = 0.62, p = 0.03 and r = 0.70, p = 0.01, respectively) but not in the novice group (r = 0.11, p = 0.72 and r = 0.45, p = 0.14, respectively). Mediation analysis showed that the relationship between execution time and number of hits (ADE: p = 0.008) was not mediated by COVAT reaction time (ACME: p = 0.17). These results evidence the importance of visual-spatial attention allocation in fencing and evidence differences between novices and trained fencers with important implications for talent development in the early career stage.
在击剑中，目前尚不清楚练习是否会增强视觉空间注意力分配。我们探讨了这种能力是否在击剑运动员中得到提高，以及它是否与攻击速度和准确性有关。12 名新手（<1 年经验）和 12 名训练有素的重剑击剑运动员（18 ± 10 年经验）两次访问实验室（熟悉和测试阶段）。他们在计算机上进行了隐蔽的视觉注意力测试（COVAT），并进行了重剑测试，其中包括 30 次 3 次往返的快速攻击阶段，击剑运动员需要迅速击中目标（随机提出 8 个目标中的一个）。我们测量了 COVAT 反应时间、击中目标的次数和击剑测试中的击中时间。我们发现，受过训练的击剑运动员的 COVAT 反应时间更短（332 ± 24 毫秒），而新手的 COVAT 反应时间更长（367 ± 32 毫秒；p < 0.001）。受过训练的击剑运动员击中目标的次数更多（22 ± 3），而新手的击中目标的次数更少（16 ± 3；p < 0.001）。ANCOVA 显示在测试时的执行时间存在差异（823 ± 73 毫秒对 913 ± 141 毫秒，p = 0.035）。在训练组中，击中目标的次数和执行时间之间以及执行时间和 COVAT 反应时间之间存在相关性（r = 0.62，p = 0.03 和 r = 0.70，p = 0.01，分别），但在新手组中没有相关性（r = 0.11，p = 0.72 和 r = 0.45，p = 0.14，分别）。中介分析表明，执行时间与击中目标的次数之间的关系（ADE：p = 0.008）不受 COVAT 反应时间的中介影响（ACME：p = 0.17）。这些结果证明了视觉空间注意力分配在击剑中的重要性，并证明了新手和训练有素的击剑运动员之间的差异，这对早期职业生涯阶段的人才发展具有重要意义。
