Gutiérrez-Davila Marcos, Rojas F Javier, Gutiérrez-Cruz Carmen, Navarro Enrique
a Department of Physical Education and Sport , University of Granada , Granada , Spain.
b Department of Health and Human Performance , Technical University of Madrid , Spain.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2017 Sep;17(8):1004-1012. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1332100. Epub 2017 May 31.
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect that the presence of two stimuli that require two different responses (dual-attention) has both, on offensive reaction-response time to a light stimulus, and on defensive response time when the stimulus is a real fencing attack. Twenty-five elite fencers and a fencing master were included in the study. The equipment included four force plates adapted to a scaffold that served as a fencing piste. Two force plates were placed, at the start position, under the fencer's feet and another two plates were placed under the master's feet. The results demonstrate that choice reaction time to visual stimuli increases in dual-task conditions with respect to simple reaction time, whereas the mean horizontal force tends to decrease in dual-task. However, when the stimulus was an opponent's movement, dual-task conditions did not have any effect on the time required to initiate a defensive action. The changes in reaction time when real movements were used as stimuli challenge the validity of the reaction time to visual stimuli paradigm as a predictor of performance in fencing. Also, the results obtained demonstrate that perceptual and attentional processes play a major role in fencer performance in real competition.
本研究的目的是调查需要两种不同反应的两种刺激（双重注意力）的存在对光刺激的进攻反应时间以及当刺激为真实击剑攻击时的防御反应时间的影响。该研究纳入了25名精英击剑运动员和一名击剑教练。设备包括四个安装在用作击剑场地的脚手架上的测力板。两个测力板在起始位置放置在击剑运动员脚下，另外两个测力板放置在教练脚下。结果表明，在双重任务条件下，对视觉刺激的选择反应时间相对于简单反应时间增加，而在双重任务中平均水平力趋于下降。然而，当刺激是对手的动作时，双重任务条件对启动防御动作所需的时间没有任何影响。当真实动作用作刺激时反应时间的变化挑战了视觉刺激范式反应时间作为击剑表现预测指标的有效性。此外，获得的结果表明，感知和注意力过程在真实比赛中击剑运动员的表现中起主要作用。
