Shen Yifeng, Jin Dongdong, Li Tiefeng, Yang Xuxu, Ma Xing
Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, School of Integrated Circuits, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
Center for X-Mechanics, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
ACS Nano. 2024 Jul 29. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07051.
Magnetically responsive soft smart materials have garnered significant academic attention due to their flexibility, remote controllability, and reconfigurability. However, traditional soft materials used in the construction of these magnetically responsive systems typically exhibit low density and poor thermal and electrical conductivities. These limitations result in suboptimal performance in applications such as medical radiography, high-performance electronic devices, and thermal management. To address these challenges, magnetically responsive gallium-based liquid metals have emerged as promising alternatives. In this review, we summarize the methodologies for achieving magnetically responsive liquid metals, including the integration of magnetic agents into the liquid metal matrix and the utilization of induced Lorentz forces. We then provide a comprehensive discussion of the key physicochemical properties of these materials and the factors influencing them. Additionally, we explore the advanced and potential applications of magnetically responsive liquid metals. Finally, we discuss the current challenges in this field and present an outlook on future developments and research directions.
磁响应软智能材料因其灵活性、远程可控性和可重构性而受到了学术界的广泛关注。然而，用于构建这些磁响应系统的传统软材料通常密度较低，热导率和电导率较差。这些限制导致在医学放射成像、高性能电子设备和热管理等应用中性能欠佳。为应对这些挑战，磁响应镓基液态金属已成为有前景的替代材料。在本综述中，我们总结了实现磁响应液态金属的方法，包括将磁性试剂融入液态金属基体以及利用感应洛伦兹力。然后，我们全面讨论了这些材料的关键物理化学性质及其影响因素。此外，我们还探索了磁响应液态金属的先进和潜在应用。最后，我们讨论了该领域当前面临的挑战，并对未来的发展和研究方向进行了展望。
