Tambini Stollwerck Estella Alejandra, Sarikaya Ilkem, Yen Kathrin, Friederich Hans-Christoph, Nikendei Christoph
Department for General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Forensic and Traffic Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
PLOS Glob Public Health. 2024 Jul 29;4(7):e0002561. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002561. eCollection 2024.
Torture seeks to undermine not only the physical and emotional well-being of an individual, but to damage the coherence of entire communities. Thus, torture and state repression are used to weaken entire subpopulations. After the failed coup d'état in Türkiye in 2016 and during the subsequently following state of emergency that lasted until 2018, allegations of torture and other degrading treatment in Türkiye spread widely. Since then, the number of asylum-seekers in Germany has risen considerably. This paper analyses the reports of twenty Turkish citizens that fled to Germany to seek asylum in the aftermath of the events. In semi-structured interviews held in Turkish, we assessed the experiences of torture and state repression, psychological consequences, and the current well-being and living situation. All interviewees described illicit violence of state authorities and government supporters, especially while under arrest. Though the methods varied, there was a constant pattern of imbalance of power. The psychological impact of these methods were present after relocation to Germany and included signs of PTSD, anxiety disorders, and major depression. The reports of torture, state repression, and their psychological impact emphasise the importance for policy makers to address the prevention of human rights violations and support the needs of survivors.
酷刑不仅旨在破坏个人的身心健康，还试图损害整个社区的凝聚力。因此，酷刑和国家镇压被用来削弱整个亚群体。2016年土耳其政变失败后以及随后持续到2018年的紧急状态期间，土耳其境内关于酷刑和其他有辱人格待遇的指控广泛传播。从那时起，德国的寻求庇护者数量大幅上升。本文分析了20名土耳其公民在这些事件发生后逃往德国寻求庇护的报告。在以土耳其语进行的半结构化访谈中，我们评估了他们遭受酷刑和国家镇压的经历、心理影响以及当前的幸福状况和生活情况。所有受访者都描述了国家当局和政府支持者的非法暴力行为，尤其是在被捕期间。尽管手段各异，但权力失衡的模式始终存在。这些手段在他们迁往德国后仍产生心理影响，包括创伤后应激障碍、焦虑症和重度抑郁症的症状。关于酷刑、国家镇压及其心理影响的报告强调了政策制定者解决预防侵犯人权问题并支持幸存者需求的重要性。
