Femminella Grazia Daniela, Canfora Federica, Musella Gennaro, Di Tella Gianluca Scotto, Ugga Lorenzo, Pecoraro Giuseppe, Leuci Stefania, Coppola Noemi, De Lucia Natascia, Maldonato Nelson Mauro, Liguori Simone, Aria Massimo, D'Aniello Luca, Rengo Giuseppe, Mignogna Michele Davide, Adamo Daniela
Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
Oral Dis. 2025 Feb;31(2):611-632. doi: 10.1111/odi.15087. Epub 2024 Jul 30.
This study aims to assess and contrast cognitive and psychological aspects of patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS-MCI) and geriatric patients (G-MCI) with mild cognitive impairment, focusing on potential predictors like pain, mood disorders, blood biomarkers, and age-related white matter changes (ARWMCs).
The study enrolled 40 BMS-MCI and 40 geriatric G-MCI, matching them by age, gender, and educational background. Participants underwent psychological, sleepiness, and cognitive assessment including the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE), Trail Making Test (TMT), Corsi Block-Tapping Task, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, Copying Geometric Drawings Test, Frontal Assessment Battery, and Digit Cancellation Test.
G-MCI patients exhibited higher ARWMCs scores in right (p = 0.005**) and left (p < 0.001**) temporal regions, which may relate to specific neurodegenerative processes. Conversely, BMS-MCI patients showed higher levels of depression and anxiety and lower MMSE scores(p < 0.001**), also struggling more with tasks requiring processing speed and executive function, as evidenced by their higher TMT-A scores (p < 0.001**).
The study highlights particular deficits in global cognition and processing speed for BMS-MCI. The influence of educational background, pain levels, cholesterol, sleep disturbances, and anxiety on these cognitive assessments underscores the need for personalized therapeutic strategies addressing both cognitive and emotional aspects of MCI.
本研究旨在评估和对比灼口综合征患者（BMS-MCI）和轻度认知障碍老年患者（G-MCI）的认知和心理方面，重点关注疼痛、情绪障碍、血液生物标志物和年龄相关白质变化（ARWMCs）等潜在预测因素。
该研究纳入了40名BMS-MCI患者和40名老年G-MCI患者，按照年龄、性别和教育背景进行匹配。参与者接受了心理、嗜睡和认知评估，包括简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）、连线测验（TMT）、 Corsi方块敲击任务、雷伊听觉词语学习测验、临摹几何图形测验、额叶评估量表和数字划消测验。
G-MCI患者在右侧（p = 0.005**）和左侧（p < 0.001**）颞叶区域表现出较高的ARWMCs分数，这可能与特定的神经退行性过程有关。相反，BMS-MCI患者表现出更高水平的抑郁和焦虑以及更低的MMSE分数（p < 0.001**），在需要处理速度和执行功能的任务上也更困难，其较高的TMT-A分数证明了这一点（p < 0.001**）。
该研究突出了BMS-MCI患者在整体认知和处理速度方面的特定缺陷。教育背景、疼痛程度、胆固醇、睡眠障碍和焦虑对这些认知评估的影响强调了需要制定个性化治疗策略，以解决MCI的认知和情感方面问题。
