He Linchen, Rabinowitz Jill A, An Yang, Jackson Chandra, Hellinger Ryan, Wanigatunga Sarah, Schrack Jennifer, Ferrucci Luigi, Simonsick Eleanor M, Koehler Kirsten, Spira Adam P
Department of Community and Population Health, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Sleep Adv. 2024 Jul 9;5(1):zpae045. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae045. eCollection 2024.
Few studies of middle-aged and older adults have examined the association between age and sleep using objective sleep measures. We examined these associations in adults aged ≥40 years using wrist actigraphy, and investigated whether these associations differed by sex and race.
Participants were 468 cognitively normal adults aged ≥40 years enrolled in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging who completed wrist actigraphy. We used Generalized Least Squares Models to examine the associations of age with actigraphic sleep parameters, including total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency, sleep onset latency, and wake after sleep onset (WASO). We conducted interaction and stratification analyses to test whether cross-sectional age-sleep associations were modified by sex and race.
In analyses adjusting for sex, body mass index, and individual medical conditions, older age was associated with longer TST from ages 40-70 that plateaued after age 70. Older age also was associated with lower sleep efficiency, longer sleep onset latency, and greater WASO. In men only, after age 70, older age was associated with shorter TST, lower sleep efficiency, longer onset latency, and greater WASO. However, we did not observe any significant interactions of race with age.
Older age was associated with longer TST from ages 40 to 70 and with poorer sleep quality after age 40, and these relationships might vary by sex. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to investigate mechanisms that may account for sex differences in the observed age-sleep associations.
很少有针对中老年人的研究使用客观睡眠测量方法来检验年龄与睡眠之间的关联。我们使用手腕活动记录仪对40岁及以上的成年人进行了这些关联的研究，并调查了这些关联在性别和种族上是否存在差异。
参与者为468名年龄≥40岁、认知正常且参与了巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究并完成手腕活动记录仪监测的成年人。我们使用广义最小二乘法模型来检验年龄与活动记录仪睡眠参数之间的关联，这些参数包括总睡眠时间（TST）、睡眠效率、入睡潜伏期和睡眠中觉醒时间（WASO）。我们进行了交互作用和分层分析，以检验横断面年龄与睡眠的关联是否因性别和种族而有所改变。
在对性别、体重指数和个体健康状况进行调整的分析中，40至70岁之间年龄越大，TST越长，70岁以后趋于平稳。年龄越大还与睡眠效率越低、入睡潜伏期越长以及WASO越长有关。仅在男性中，70岁以后，年龄越大与TST越短、睡眠效率越低、入睡潜伏期越长以及WASO越长有关。然而，我们未观察到种族与年龄之间存在任何显著的交互作用。
40至70岁之间年龄越大，TST越长，40岁以后睡眠质量越差，并且这些关系可能因性别而异。需要进行更大样本量的未来研究，以探究可能解释所观察到的年龄与睡眠关联中性别差异的机制。
