Yu Shenghao, Ge Yonghui, Zhang Lujing, Li Yiqi, Zhang Wen, Liu Chang, Peng Shaojie
Information Application Research Center of Shanghai Municipal Administration for Market Regulation, Shanghai 200030, China.
Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai 200233, China.
Sci One Health. 2024 Jan 20;3:100062. doi: 10.1016/j.soh.2024.100062. eCollection 2024.
Perchlorate and chlorate are ubiquitous pollutants that can adversely affect the thyroid function in humans. This study assessed the potential health risks associated with the dietary exposure of infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate present in infant formulas available in Shanghai. The assessment was based on risk monitoring data from 150 samples of infant formulas in Shanghai between 2020 and 2022, along with the dietary consumption data of infants and young children. The detection rates of perchlorate and chlorate in infant formulas were 46.0% and 98.7%, with mean contents of 9.98 μg/kg and 112.01 μg/kg, and the maximum values of 151.00 μg/kg and 1475.00 μg/kg, respectively. The mean and 95th percentile ( ) values of daily perchlorate exposure of 0-36-month-old infant and young children via infant formulas were 0.07 and 0.17 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day, respectively, which were lower than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) of perchlorate (0.3 μg/kg bw per day). The mean and values of chlorate exposure via infant formulas in 0-36-month-old infants and young children were 0.83 and 1.89 μg/kg bw per day, which were lower than the TDI of chlorate (3 μg/kg bw per day). The exposure of different age groups (0-6 months, 7-12 months and 13-36 months) of infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate in infant formulas was below the TDI. Therefore, the risk associated with the exposure of 0-36-month-old infants and young children to perchlorate and chlorate from infant formulas in Shanghai is considered acceptable. Prioritizing environmental pollution control efforts to reduce the levels of perchlorate and chlorate in food products is important to safeguard the health of the infants and children under the One Health concept.
高氯酸盐和氯酸盐是普遍存在的污染物，会对人类甲状腺功能产生不利影响。本研究评估了上海市市售婴儿配方奶粉中高氯酸盐和氯酸盐对婴幼儿膳食暴露造成的潜在健康风险。该评估基于2020年至2022年期间上海150份婴儿配方奶粉的风险监测数据以及婴幼儿的膳食消费数据。婴儿配方奶粉中高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的检出率分别为46.0%和98.7%，平均含量分别为9.98μg/kg和112.01μg/kg，最大值分别为151.00μg/kg和1475.00μg/kg。0至36月龄婴幼儿通过婴儿配方奶粉每日摄入高氯酸盐的平均和第95百分位数（ ）值分别为0.07和0.17μg/kg体重（bw）/天，低于高氯酸盐的每日可耐受摄入量（TDI，0.3μg/kg bw/天）。0至36月龄婴幼儿通过婴儿配方奶粉摄入氯酸盐的平均和 值分别为0.83和1.89μg/kg bw/天，低于氯酸盐的TDI（3μg/kg bw/天）。不同年龄组（0至6个月、7至12个月和13至36个月）的婴幼儿通过婴儿配方奶粉摄入高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的 暴露量均低于TDI。因此，上海市0至36月龄婴幼儿通过婴儿配方奶粉接触高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的风险被认为是可接受的。在“同一健康”理念下，优先控制环境污染以降低食品中高氯酸盐和氯酸盐的含量对于保障婴幼儿健康至关重要。
