Occurrence of multidrug-resistant in upper Southern Thailand.

BACKGROUND AND AIM

causes global concern with tuberculosis (TB). Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) pose additional challenges, as they resist to multiple first-line drugs. This study investigated the occurrence of TB, antibiotic resistance due to and gene mutations, and multidrug resistance in during fiscal years 2020-2022.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Samples were gathered from hospitals in seven provinces of upper Southern Thailand. The study investigated the correlation between and gene mutations in and the development of antimicrobial resistance and isoniazid resistance.

RESULTS

A total of 19,186 samples were sent to the Office of Disease Prevention and Control Region 11, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand. The results showed that 51% of the samples were obtained from patients located in Nakhon Si Thammarat, followed by Surat Thani provinces. Regarding the spatial distribution of TB-infected cases, the incidence of TB was high in the province, which has a moderate to high population density. The highest average occurrence of TB in this study was found in Phuket province (9.75/100,000 risk person-year). The detected isoniazid resistance was 394, 255, and 179 cases in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. A total of 99 isolates were MDR, whereas four isolates were XDR. The antimicrobial resistance associated with the mutation was 192, 142, and 105 isolates, respectively, whereas the resistance associated with the mutation was 249, 182, and 120 cases in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively.

CONCLUSION

These findings contribute to the understanding of the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant TB that could lead to use as data for preventing MDR-TB.