Alshaikh Ayoub Ali, Mahmood Syed Esam, Riaz Fatima, Assiri Ahmed Shubayli, Abdulrahman Majdoleen A, Asiri Mohammed Yahya Althwabi, Alnakhli Ghadeer Redha Abdullah, A Alshabab Mohanad Qasem, Alsaleh Saud Saeed Abdullah, Alshahrani Majed Yahya, H Alharthi Amnah Saad, Al Qahtani Amar Abdullah
Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudia Arabia.
Consultant Family Medicine, Ministry of Health, Aseer Region, Abha, Saudia Arabia.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024 Jul 23;17:2775-2787. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S461807. eCollection 2024.
Many studies report a lack of public awareness of the risk factors and complications of Diabetes Mellitus. Adequate glycemic control is crucial in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes complications, and medication adherence is one of the key factors in achieving this goal. This study aimed to measure the knowledge about diabetes mellitus and practices regarding lifestyle factors and diabetes management in the study population in the Aseer region, of Saudi Arabia.
A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted in Abha, a city in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia. The general population of 18 years of age and above, who were residing in the study area during the period of study, ie, January 2023 to June 2023, were included. The questionnaire was distributed through social media and e-mail for data collection. The descriptive variables were presented using frequency, percentage, and graphs. Pearson's chi-square test was used at a 5% level of significance. Multivariate tests were applied to further explore the findings of univariate analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.
Out of the total 348 participants, a higher proportion was males (56.3%). About 78.7% of the participants were ever diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and 21.3% were never diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Nearly 31.6% knew that the major cause of diabetes mellitus was obesity and 31.3% knew that it was a hereditary disease. About 42.2% of respondents exercised regularly and 27.6% were smokers. Adherence to prescribed anti-diabetic medications was seen in 63.2% of the respondents. Self-alterations in the timing and dose of prescribed anti-diabetic drugs were seen in 36.5% and 34.8%, respectively. About 60.1% had a moderate level of self-rated knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus, and 27.6% and 12.4% had good and poor self-rated knowledge levels of Diabetes mellitus, respectively. On multivariate analysis, the age group 60-69 years had significant variations as compared to the other age groups on DM, bachelor's degree holders had significant variations as compared to other education variables, being married had significant differences as compared to those unmarried, those employed had significant variations as compared to the other occupation categories, and smokers had a significant impact on DM as compared to non-smokers.
Findings indicated less number of respondents exercised regularly, low adherence to prescribed anti-diabetic medications and low levels of self-rated knowledge of diabetes mellitus. Enhancing the patients' knowledge of diabetes mellitus and improving their self-management and adherence to its medications is necessary through public health education.
许多研究报告称，公众对糖尿病的危险因素和并发症缺乏认识。充分的血糖控制对于预防或延缓2型糖尿病并发症的发生至关重要，而药物依从性是实现这一目标的关键因素之一。本研究旨在衡量沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区研究人群对糖尿病的了解程度以及关于生活方式因素和糖尿病管理的实践情况。
在沙特阿拉伯阿西尔地区的城市阿卜哈进行了一项描述性横断面调查。纳入了在研究期间（即2023年1月至2023年6月）居住在研究区域的18岁及以上的普通人群。通过社交媒体和电子邮件分发问卷以收集数据。描述性变量用频率、百分比和图表呈现。采用Pearson卡方检验，显著性水平为5%。应用多变量检验进一步探索单变量分析的结果。使用SPSS 20.0版本对数据进行分析。
在总共348名参与者中，男性比例较高（56.3%）。约78.7%的参与者曾被诊断患有糖尿病，21.3%的参与者从未被诊断患有糖尿病。近31.6%的人知道糖尿病的主要原因是肥胖，31.3%的人知道糖尿病是一种遗传性疾病。约42.2%的受访者经常锻炼，27.6%的人吸烟。63.2%的受访者坚持服用规定的抗糖尿病药物。分别有36.5%和34.8%的人自行改变规定抗糖尿病药物的服用时间和剂量。约60.1%的人对糖尿病的自我评估知识水平中等，27.6%和12.4%的人对糖尿病的自我评估知识水平良好和较差。多变量分析显示，60 - 69岁年龄组与其他年龄组相比在糖尿病方面有显著差异，拥有学士学位者与其他教育变量相比有显著差异，已婚者与未婚者相比有显著差异，就业者与其他职业类别相比有显著差异，吸烟者与非吸烟者相比对糖尿病有显著影响。
研究结果表明，经常锻炼的受访者数量较少，对规定抗糖尿病药物的依从性较低，对糖尿病的自我评估知识水平较低。有必要通过公共卫生教育提高患者对糖尿病的认识，改善他们的自我管理和药物依从性。
