Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.
Mycotic Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Mycoses. 2024 Aug;67(8):e13775. doi: 10.1111/myc.13775.
Pityriasis versicolor (PV), a cutaneous fungal infection, most commonly affects adolescents and young adults and is associated with hyperhidrosis and humid weather. Understanding other factors associated with PV might help improve diagnostic and treatment practices.
PV's associations with patient demographics, comorbidities and medication exposures were assessed using the All of Us Database, a large, diverse, national database from the United States.
A case-control study with multivariable analysis was performed.
We identified 456 PV case-patients and 1368 control-patients. PV case-patients (vs. control-patients) were younger (median age [years] (standard deviation): 48.7 (15.4) vs. 61.9 (15.5); OR: 0.95, CI: 0.94-0.96) and more likely to be men versus women (42.8% vs. 33.9%, OR: 1.45, CI: 1.16-1.79) and Black (19.5% vs. 15.8%, OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02-1.80) or Asian (4.6% vs. 2.7%, OR: 1.86, CI: 1.07-3.24) versus White. PV case-patients more frequently had acne (5.3% vs. ≤1.5%, OR: 5.37, CI: 2.76-10.48) and less frequently had type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (14.7% vs. 24.7%, OR: 0.52, CI: 0.39-0.70) and hypothyroidism (OR: 10.3% vs. 16.4%, OR: 0.59, CI: 0.42-0.82). In multivariable analysis, PV odds were significantly higher in those with acne and lower in those with T2DM, older age and female sex.
Our results may be used as a basis for future studies evaluating whether acne treatment may decrease PV risk. Physicians could educate patients with acne about PV, including strategies to control modifiable PV risk factors, such as avoidance of hot and humid environments and avoidance of use of topical skin oils.
花斑癣（PV）是一种皮肤真菌感染，最常见于青少年和年轻人，与多汗和潮湿的天气有关。了解与 PV 相关的其他因素可能有助于改善诊断和治疗实践。
使用美国的大型、多样化的全国性数据库 All of Us Database，评估 PV 与患者人口统计学、合并症和药物暴露的关联。
进行了一项病例对照研究，并进行了多变量分析。
我们确定了 456 例 PV 病例患者和 1368 例对照患者。与对照患者相比，PV 病例患者更年轻（中位数年龄[岁]（标准差）：48.7（15.4）比 61.9（15.5）；OR：0.95，CI：0.94-0.96），更可能是男性而不是女性（42.8%比 33.9%，OR：1.45，CI：1.16-1.79），并且更可能是黑人（19.5%比 15.8%，OR：1.35，95%CI：1.02-1.80）或亚洲人（4.6%比 2.7%，OR：1.86，CI：1.07-3.24）而不是白人。PV 病例患者更频繁地患有痤疮（5.3%比≤1.5%，OR：5.37，CI：2.76-10.48），而较少患有 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）（14.7%比 24.7%，OR：0.52，CI：0.39-0.70）和甲状腺功能减退症（OR：10.3%比 16.4%，OR：0.59，CI：0.42-0.82）。在多变量分析中，患有痤疮的 PV 可能性显著更高，而患有 T2DM、年龄较大和女性的 PV 可能性较低。
我们的结果可作为评估痤疮治疗是否可能降低 PV 风险的未来研究的基础。医生可以向患有痤疮的患者教育有关 PV 的知识，包括控制可改变的 PV 危险因素的策略，例如避免炎热和潮湿的环境以及避免使用局部皮肤油。
