School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China.
State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024 Aug 28;34(8):1563-1579. doi: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02014. Epub 2024 Jun 17.
More and more diterpenoids have attracted extensive attention due to the diverse chemical structures and excellent biological activities, and have been developed into clinical drugs or consumer products. The vast majority of diterpenoids are derived from plants. With the long-term development of plant medicinal materials, the natural resources of many plant diterpenoids are decreasing, and the biosynthetic mechanism of key active components has increasingly become a research hotspot. Using synthetic biology to engineer microorganisms into "cell factories" to produce the desired compounds is an essential means to solve these problems. In this review, we depict the plant-derived diterpenoids from chemical structure, biological activities, and biosynthetic pathways. We use representative plant diterpenes as examples to expound the research progress on their biosynthesis, and summarize the heterologous production of plant diterpenoids in microorganisms in recent years, hoping to lay the foundation for the development and application of plant diterpenoids in the future.
越来越多的二萜因其多样的化学结构和优异的生物活性而受到广泛关注，并已被开发成临床药物或消费产品。绝大多数二萜类化合物来源于植物。随着植物药材的长期发展，许多植物二萜的自然资源正在减少，关键活性成分的生物合成机制越来越成为研究热点。利用合成生物学将微生物工程化为“细胞工厂”来生产所需的化合物是解决这些问题的必要手段。在这篇综述中，我们从化学结构、生物活性和生物合成途径来描述植物来源的二萜。我们以代表性的植物二萜为例，阐述了它们生物合成的研究进展，并总结了近年来微生物中植物二萜的异源生产，希望为植物二萜的未来开发和应用奠定基础。
