Hayashi Takahiko, Murano Yayoi, Muto Yamato, Takasu Michihiko, Sato Hiroyuki, Yagisawa Hiromi, Oshima Karin, Miyazaki Nao, Adachi Takuya, Hisata Ken, Nakazawa Tomoyuki, Rahman Mahbubur, Gilmour Stuart, Shimizu Toshiaki
Juntendo Iji Zasshi. 2022 Dec 14;68(6):622-626. doi: 10.14789/jmj.JMJ22-0005-OA. eCollection 2022.
COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) is now a global pandemic. Although children are said to have mild symptom, their clinical features are not known well. We conducted a retrospective study during initial term of pandemic to understand the difference of clinical features including clinical symptoms and patients' characteristics of COVID-19 children and those without COVID-19.
To compare clinical features between children with and without COVID-19, we collected data on children who received a COVID-19 test between March 25 and October 31, 2020. All data were collected from medical records.
There were three groups of patients in the study sample; patients with COVID-19, patients with close COVID-19 contact and performed COVID-19 tests, and patients suspected COVID-19 but tested negative. We analyzed the clinical features of the groups.
A total of 108 patients were included in this study, of whom 30 were patients with COVID-19, 25 were patients with close COVID-19 contact, 51 were suspected COVID-19 but tested negative, and two were excluded because they were infants born from COVID-19 mothers. The statistical analysis showed that children with COVID-19 had contact with COVID-19 patients had fewer clinical symptoms including cough and fever compared to children with a negative test of COVID-19. Sensitivity analysis showed that fever, cough, fever and/or cough could not distinguish children with COVID-19 from those without COVID-19. As conclusion, children with COVID-19 have less symptoms as fever or cough and the clinical symptoms cannot distinguish them from children with other diseases.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）现已成为全球大流行疾病。尽管据说儿童症状较轻，但其临床特征尚不清楚。我们在大流行初期进行了一项回顾性研究，以了解COVID-19儿童与非COVID-19儿童在临床特征（包括临床症状和患者特征）方面的差异。
为比较COVID-19儿童与非COVID-19儿童的临床特征，我们收集了2020年3月25日至10月31日期间接受COVID-19检测的儿童的数据。所有数据均从医疗记录中收集。
研究样本中有三组患者；COVID-19患者、与COVID-19密切接触并进行了COVID-19检测的患者以及疑似COVID-19但检测呈阴性的患者。我们分析了这些组的临床特征。
本研究共纳入108例患者，其中30例为COVID-19患者，25例为与COVID-19密切接触者，51例疑似COVID-19但检测呈阴性，2例因是COVID-19母亲所生婴儿而被排除。统计分析表明，与COVID-19检测呈阴性的儿童相比，感染COVID-19且与COVID-19患者有接触的儿童临床症状（包括咳嗽和发热）较少。敏感性分析表明，发热、咳嗽、发热和/或咳嗽无法区分COVID-19儿童与非COVID-19儿童。结论是，COVID-19儿童发热或咳嗽等症状较少，且临床症状无法将他们与其他疾病的儿童区分开来。
