Alemu Tsegaye, Nkosi Zerish Zethu, Yakob Tigist
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Environment, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Department of Health Studies, College of Human Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Nutr Metab Insights. 2024 Jul 29;17:11786388241263676. doi: 10.1177/11786388241263676. eCollection 2024.
Low hemoglobin level is the most common public health problem during pregnancy in developing countries including Ethiopia, which is affecting both mother and fetus. However, the determinants of anemia among pregnant women are not well studied.
To assess the determinates of hemoglobin among pregnant women in rural agro-pastoralist communities in the South Omo zone, Ethiopia.
Community-based cross-sectional study was done in rural agro-pastoralist communities. A multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select 526 pregnant women. Data were collected by using structured questionnaires. Hemoglobin level was measured by using HemoCue Hb301. Data were analyzed by using a statistical package for the social science version 26. Descriptive (Mean, standard deviation, frequency, range), bivariate and multivariate analysis was carried out to check the association between lower hemoglobin levels and independent variables. The output is presented in tables and figures.
The mean (±SD) of hemoglobin concentration was 11.8 ± 1.7. The overall prevalence of anemia was 39.9% [95% CI: 35.5, 44.4], 19.4% (95% CI: 16.0, 23.2) was mild, 19.6% (95% CI: 16.27, 2.5) was moderate and 0.9% (95% CI: 0.25, 2.25) was severe anemia. Not taking IFA (AOR = 5.7(3.3, 9.8)), severe under nutrition (AOR = 8.9(2.1, 37.3)), no fish food (AOR = 2.4(1.3, 4.5)), drinking coffee (AOR = 1.6(1.0, 2.6)), moderate food insecurity (AOR = 2.5(1.4, 4.6)), and no malaria infection (AOR = 0.6(0.4, 0.9)) were statistically significant with anemia.
The anaemia is a public health problem in this study area. Therefore, nutrition education and counselling to enhance iron supplementation, dietary diversity and a flesh diets are very essential to enhance haemoglobin levels.
在包括埃塞俄比亚在内的发展中国家，低血红蛋白水平是孕期最常见的公共卫生问题，这会影响母亲和胎儿。然而，孕妇贫血的决定因素尚未得到充分研究。
评估埃塞俄比亚南奥莫地区农村农牧民社区孕妇血红蛋白的决定因素。
在农村农牧民社区开展基于社区的横断面研究。采用多阶段分层抽样技术选取526名孕妇。通过结构化问卷收集数据。使用HemoCue Hb301测量血红蛋白水平。使用社会科学统计软件包第26版对数据进行分析。进行描述性（均值、标准差、频率、范围）、双变量和多变量分析，以检验较低血红蛋白水平与自变量之间的关联。结果以表格和图表形式呈现。
血红蛋白浓度的均值（±标准差）为11.8±1.7。贫血的总体患病率为39.9%[95%置信区间：35.5，44.4]，轻度贫血为19.4%（95%置信区间：16.0，23.2），中度贫血为19.6%（95%置信区间：16.27，2.5），重度贫血为0.9%（95%置信区间：0.25，2.25）。未服用铁剂（调整后比值比[AOR]=5.7(3.3, 9.8)）、严重营养不良（AOR=8.9(2.1, 37.3)）、不吃鱼（AOR=2.4(1.3, 4.5)）、喝咖啡（AOR=1.6(1.0, 2.6)）、中度粮食不安全（AOR=2.5(1.4, 4.6)）以及未感染疟疾（AOR=0.6(0.4, 0.9)）与贫血在统计学上具有显著相关性。
在本研究地区，贫血是一个公共卫生问题。因此，开展营养教育和咨询，以加强铁补充、饮食多样性和丰富饮食，对于提高血红蛋白水平非常重要。
