UMR GQE-Le Moulon, INRAE, Université Paris Saclay, Gif sur Yvette, France.
Unité Expérimentale Maïs, INRAE, Saint Martin de Hinx, France.
J Econ Entomol. 2024 Oct 14;117(5):1913-1925. doi: 10.1093/jee/toae171.
Phenological match/mismatch between cultivated plants and their pest could impact pest infestation dynamics in the field. To explore how such match/mismatch of plant and pest phenologies may interact with plant defense dynamics, we studied the infestation dynamics of maize by one of its main pests in Europe, the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis; Lepidoptera: Crambidae). A two-year field experiment was carried out on a collection of 23 maize inbred lines contrasted for their earliness. Each inbred line was sown at three different dates in order to expose different developmental stages of maize to natural European corn borer infestation. The effect of the sowing date depended on the inbred line, the pest generation, and the year. In 2021, the final pest incidence ranged from 36% to 91% depending on inbred lines and sowing date. In 2022, it ranged from 2% to 77%. This variability in final pest incidence can be related to variations in plant development during plant exposure to pest infestation. However, this relationship was not straightforward. Indeed, the shape and intensity of the relationship depended on the timing of the onset of the pest infestation. When infestation occurred while plants were in a vegetative stage, a nonlinear relationship between development and pest incidence was observed with the least and most developed plants being the most infested. When infestation occurred when all plants were in the mature phase, the most developed plants were the least infested. Our results highlight the effect of plant-pest phenological match/mismatch on pest infestation dynamics and underline the importance of taking plant-pest interactions into account to propose relevant control strategies.
栽培植物与其害虫之间的物候同步/失配可能会影响田间害虫的发生动态。为了探索植物和害虫物候的这种同步/失配如何与植物防御动态相互作用，我们研究了玉米的一种主要害虫——欧洲玉米螟（Ostrinia nubilalis；鳞翅目：夜蛾科）在田间的发生动态。在一个包含 23 个玉米自交系的集合上进行了为期两年的田间实验，这些自交系因抽穗期早晚而形成对比。为了使玉米处于不同的自然欧洲玉米螟发生阶段，每个自交系在三个不同的日期播种。播种日期的影响取决于自交系、害虫世代和年份。在 2021 年，最终的虫害发生率因自交系和播种日期而异，范围从 36%到 91%。在 2022 年，范围从 2%到 77%。这种最终虫害发生率的可变性可以与植物在暴露于虫害期间的发育变化有关。然而，这种关系并不简单。实际上，这种关系的形状和强度取决于害虫发生的时间。当虫害发生在植物处于营养生长阶段时，观察到与发展和虫害发生率之间的非线性关系，最不发达和最发达的植物受到的感染最严重。当所有植物都处于成熟阶段时发生虫害时，最发达的植物受到的感染最少。我们的研究结果强调了植物-害虫物候同步/失配对害虫发生动态的影响，并强调了考虑植物-害虫相互作用以提出相关控制策略的重要性。
