Macalester College, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America.
Rollins College, Winter Park, Florida, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 31;19(7):e0307492. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307492. eCollection 2024.
Raising young children has always been hard, but evidence suggests that it may be getting harder. The isolation of the pandemic, the pressures to fulfill exacting parenting standards, and the explosion of "expert" parenting advice on social media have fueled the rise of "gentle parenting," an approach that pivots away from older, discipline-heavy parenting typologies and which promises the development of happier, healthier children. Despite the popularity of gentle parenting, it has received no empirical scrutiny. The current study represents the first systematic investigation of what gentle parenting entails. Data were gathered from a sample (N = 100) of parents of at least one child between the ages of 2 and 7 from the Midwest, Southeast, and Southwest. Approximately half (n = 49) of the sample identified as "gentle parents." Inductive analyses identified this approach as one that emphasizes high levels of parental affection and parents' and children's emotion regulation. Gentle parenting appears to be distinct from other established measures of parenting approaches in its emphasis on boundaries, yet the enactment of those boundaries is not uniform. Overall, gentle parents reported high levels of parenting satisfaction and efficacy, but a subset of gentle parents who were highly critical of themselves reported significantly lower levels of efficacy than the rest of the sample. Statements of parenting uncertainty and burnout were present in over one-third of the gentle parent sample. Implications are discussed for future research and increased support for those who identify as gentle parents.
养育年幼的孩子一直都很困难,但有证据表明,现在可能变得更加艰难了。疫情带来的孤立、满足严格育儿标准的压力,以及社交媒体上育儿“专家”建议的爆炸式增长,助长了“温和育儿”的兴起。这种方法背离了旧的、强调纪律的育儿模式,承诺培养更快乐、更健康的孩子。尽管温和育儿很受欢迎,但它还没有经过实证研究的检验。本研究代表了对温和育儿方式的首次系统调查。研究数据来自中西部、东南部和西南部至少有一名 2 至 7 岁孩子的父母(N=100)。大约一半(n=49)的样本被认定为“温和父母”。归纳分析将这种方法定义为强调父母高度的关爱以及父母和孩子的情绪调节。温和育儿似乎与其他已确立的育儿方法测量指标不同,它强调界限,但这些界限的实施并不统一。总的来说,温和的父母报告了高水平的育儿满意度和效能感,但一小部分对自己非常苛刻的温和父母的效能感明显低于样本的其余部分。超过三分之一的温和父母样本中存在育儿不确定性和倦怠的陈述。讨论了对未来研究和对那些认同温和育儿的人的更多支持的影响。