Body fluid analysis of 1,3-diphenylguanidine for mutagenicity as detected by Salmonella strains.

The toxicity and mutagenicity of 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) were monitored in Salmonella bacteria using the direct incorporation protocol. The test consisted of either direct incorporation of DPG or analysis of body fluid and faecal material derived from animals exposed to DPG. The data from direct incorporation of DPG suggested that the compound is a direct acting mutagen and that in the presence of metabolic activation system there was a reduction in the number of histidine revertants. The data further showed that while higher dosage levels of DPG without metabolic activation were extremely toxic and thus generated significantly fewer revertants, similar concentrations proved to be moderately mutagenic in the presence of S-9 mix. From the data on mutagenic activity of body fluids and faeces, it is suggested that (1) the rate of excretion of i.p.-administered DPG into extracellular fluids, urinary and gastrointestinal tracts is concentration dependent, and (2) a greater proportion of the compound is eliminated through the urinary tract.