R Ignatious Jeba Mary, Arumugam Venkatachalam Sargurunathan Ezhilarasi, Gowda Venkatesha Ramachandra Reddy, Rajaram Mohan Karthik, Fenn Saramma Mathew
Oral Medicine and Radiology, Vinayaka Mission's Sankarachariyar Dental College, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Salem, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 30;16(6):e63532. doi: 10.7759/cureus.63532. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Port-wine stains (PWSs), also called port-wine birthmarks or nevus flammeus, are hamartomatous vascular capillary malformations that clinically appear as erythematous areas on the buccal mucosa, vermilion border of the lip, gingiva, or pink to port-wine-colored patches on skin since birth and persist throughout life. On the face, they occur in the area supplied by the trigeminal nerve. PWSs have structural abnormalities of the intradermal capillaries. PWSs on the skin and oral mucosa contain ectatic capillaries in the dermis and submucosa, respectively. PWSs occur anywhere, and the oral mucosa is no exception. PWSs on the facial skin lead to cosmetic disfigurement and create social stigma. Clinically, PWSs start as flat, pink, or red patches and may darken, thicken, and develop nodules over time. The diagnosis of PWSs is primarily clinical. PWSs are complex vascular malformations with significant clinical, psychosocial, and therapeutic challenges. This article enlightens a series of cases of PWSs on the facial skin and capillary hemangioma on the gingiva, buccal mucosa, and lip diagnosed by a diascopy test, etiopathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and management of PWSs.
葡萄酒色斑（PWSs），也称为葡萄酒色胎记或鲜红斑痣，是错构瘤性血管毛细血管畸形，临床上表现为自出生起就出现在颊黏膜、唇红缘、牙龈上的红斑区域，或皮肤上粉红色至葡萄酒色的斑块，并终生持续存在。在面部，它们出现在三叉神经所支配的区域。PWSs存在真皮内毛细血管的结构异常。皮肤和口腔黏膜上的PWSs分别在真皮和黏膜下层含有扩张的毛细血管。PWSs可发生于任何部位，口腔黏膜也不例外。面部皮肤上的PWSs会导致容貌毁损并造成社会污名。临床上，PWSs起初为扁平的粉红色或红色斑块，随着时间推移可能会变黑、增厚并出现结节。PWSs的诊断主要依靠临床。PWSs是复杂的血管畸形，存在显著的临床、心理社会及治疗挑战。本文阐述了一系列通过玻片压诊试验诊断的面部皮肤PWSs以及牙龈、颊黏膜和唇部毛细血管瘤的病例，还介绍了PWSs的病因、鉴别诊断及治疗。
