Wang Zhenguo, Chen Y Eugene, Chang Lin
J Clin Invest. 2024 Aug 1;134(15):e182554. doi: 10.1172/JCI182554.
Aortic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), exhibit sex differences, with higher prevalence and severity in males than females, both in humans and experimental mouse models. In fact, male sex has been considered as the most potent nonmodifiable risk factor for AAA. Currently, there are no medications approved for the treatment of aortic aneurysms, despite the high lethality of ruptured aneurysms, which account for nearly 2% of all deaths. Moreover, the underlying molecular mechanisms mediating the sexual dimorphism of aortic aneurysms remain largely unknown. In this issue of the JCI, Mu et al. revealed a mechanism by which androgens, male sex hormones, exacerbate aortic aneurysms by suppressing programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) expression in T cells in an aldosterone and high salt-induced aortic aneurysm mouse model.
主动脉瘤，尤其是腹主动脉瘤（AAA），存在性别差异，在人类和实验小鼠模型中，男性的发病率和严重程度均高于女性。事实上，男性性别已被视为腹主动脉瘤最有力的不可改变的风险因素。目前，尽管破裂动脉瘤的致死率很高，占所有死亡人数的近2%，但尚无获批用于治疗主动脉瘤的药物。此外，介导主动脉瘤性别二态性的潜在分子机制在很大程度上仍不清楚。在本期《临床研究杂志》（JCI）中，Mu等人在醛固酮和高盐诱导的主动脉瘤小鼠模型中揭示了一种机制，即雄激素（男性性激素）通过抑制T细胞中程序性细胞死亡蛋白1（PD-1）的表达来加剧主动脉瘤。
