Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Aug 18;14:1240132. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1240132. eCollection 2023.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, and vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) dysfunction. The inflammatory cells involved in AAA mainly include immune cells including macrophages, neutrophils, T-lymphocytes and B lymphocytes and endothelial cells. As the blood vessel wall expands, more and more lymphocytes infiltrate into the outer membrane. It was found that more than 50% of lymphocytes in AAA tissues were CD3 T cells, including CD4, CD8T cells, γδ T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs). Due to the important role of T cells in inflammatory response, an increasing number of researchers have paid attention to the role of T cells in AAA and dug into the relevant mechanism. Therefore, this paper focuses on reviewing the immunoregulatory role of T cells in AAA and their role in immunotherapy, seeking potential targets for immunotherapy and putting forward future research directions.
腹主动脉瘤 (AAA) 的特征是炎症细胞浸润、细胞外基质 (ECM) 降解和血管平滑肌细胞 (SMC) 功能障碍。AAA 中涉及的炎症细胞主要包括免疫细胞，包括巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、T 淋巴细胞和 B 淋巴细胞以及内皮细胞。随着血管壁的扩张，越来越多的淋巴细胞浸润到外膜。研究发现，AAA 组织中超过 50%的淋巴细胞为 CD3 T 细胞，包括 CD4、CD8T 细胞、γδ T 细胞和调节性 T 细胞 (Tregs)。由于 T 细胞在炎症反应中起着重要作用，越来越多的研究人员开始关注 T 细胞在 AAA 中的作用及其在免疫治疗中的作用，寻求免疫治疗的潜在靶点，并提出未来的研究方向。
