Environmental-Analytical Research Group, Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Ilorin, P. M. B. 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Aug 2;196(8):774. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12887-6.
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) are widely released into the environment as a result of increased urban and industrial development in recent years. The bulk of PTEs are cancer-causing and harm human health by producing free radicals. As a result, it is crucial to monitor, evaluate, and limit the effects of the elements on human health. In this study, levels of PTEs (As, Cr, Cd, Ni, Co, and Pb) in pharmaceutical effluents discharged along the Asa River around the Ilorin metropolis and their seasonal variations were evaluated. Water samples were collected from eight different locations over a two-season period along the river and analyzed for PTEs using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Co had mean PTE values in the effluents (both seasons) of 0.0258, 0.0233, 0.00193, 0.0176, and 0.0164 mg/L, respectively, with As and Pb surpassing the WHO standard. Maximum temperature and pH were measured for the physicochemical parameters in the wet season, whereas electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids were seen in the dry season. The average values of the metals in the human risk assessment for carcinogenicity were As > Cd > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co, with As above the recommended threshold in several locations. However, all of the metal hazard indices were < 1, indicating that the waters were suitable for domestic purposes. Nonetheless, the relevant authorities should mandate that pharmaceutical effluents be treated before being released into bodies of water.
近年来，随着城市和工业的发展，潜在有毒元素（PTEs）大量释放到环境中。大量的 PTEs 是致癌的，并通过产生自由基来危害人类健康。因此，监测、评估和限制这些元素对人类健康的影响至关重要。在这项研究中，评估了伊洛林大都市区周围阿萨河沿岸排放的医药废水中的 PTEs（砷、铬、镉、镍、钴和铅）水平及其季节性变化。在河流沿线的两个季节期间，从八个不同位置采集水样，并使用原子吸收分光光度法和电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱法分析 PTEs。在排放物（两个季节）中，As、Cd、Pb、Cr、Ni 和 Co 的平均 PTE 值分别为 0.0258、0.0233、0.00193、0.0176 和 0.0164mg/L，其中 As 和 Pb 超过了世界卫生组织的标准。在湿季测量了物理化学参数的最高温度和 pH 值，而在干季则测量了电导率和总溶解固体。在致癌性人类风险评估中，金属的平均值为 As > Cd > Pb > Cr > Ni > Co，在几个地点的 As 超过了推荐阈值。然而，所有金属危害指数均<1，表明这些水适合用于家庭用途。尽管如此，相关当局应要求在将医药废水排放到水体之前进行处理。
