Jiang Hui, Ma Xiongfeng, Shi Jialiang, Gao Mingwei, Zhang Xianliang, Zhang Chao, Chai Qichao, Wang Yongcui, Wang Xiuli, Wang Jiabao, Chen Ying, Zhang Donglou, Li Fengrui, Zhao Wenchao, Zhao Junsheng
Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, Henan, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jul 18;15:1393396. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1393396. eCollection 2024.
Leaf shape is a vital agronomic trait that affects plant and canopy architecture, yield, and other production attributes of upland cotton. Compared with normal leaves, lobed leaves have potential advantages in improving canopy structure and increasing cotton yield. A chromosomal introgression segment from L. conferring sub-okra leaf shape to L. was identified on chromosome D01. To determine the effects of this transferred sub-okra leaf shape on the leaf anatomical characteristics, photosynthesis-related traits, and yield of short-season cotton, we performed a field experiment with three sets of near-isogenic lines carrying okra, sub-okra, and normal leaf shape in Lu54 (L54) and Shizao 2 (SZ2) backgrounds. Compared with normal leaves, sub-okra leaves exhibited reduced leaf thickness and smaller leaf mass per area; moreover, the deeper lobes of sub-okra leaves improved the plant canopy structure by decreasing leaf area index by 11.24%-22.84%. Similarly, the intercepted PAR rate of lines with sub-okra leaf shape was also reduced. The chlorophyll content of sub-okra leaves was lower than that of okra and normal leaf shapes; however, the net photosynthetic rate of sub-okra leaves was 8.17%-29.81% higher than that of other leaf shapes at most growth stages. Although the biomass of lines with sub-okra leaf shape was less than that of lines with normal leaves, the average first harvest yield and total yield of lines with the sub-okra leaf shape increased by 6.36% and 5.72%, respectively, compared with those with normal leaves. Thus, improvements in the canopy structure and photosynthetic and physiological characteristics contributed to optimizing the light environment, thereby increasing the yield of lines with sub-okra leaf shape. Our results suggest that the sub-okra leaf trait from L. may have practical applications for cultivating short-season varieties with high photosynthetic efficiency, and improving yield, which will be advantageous for short-season varieties.
叶片形状是一个重要的农艺性状，影响陆地棉的植株和冠层结构、产量及其他生产特性。与正常叶片相比，裂叶在改善冠层结构和提高棉花产量方面具有潜在优势。在D01染色体上鉴定出一个来自陆地棉的染色体渐渗片段，该片段赋予海岛棉亚okra叶形。为了确定这种转移的亚okra叶形对短季棉叶片解剖特征、光合相关性状和产量的影响，我们在鲁54（L54）和石早2（SZ2）背景下，用三组携带okra、亚okra和正常叶形的近等基因系进行了田间试验。与正常叶片相比，亚okra叶片的叶厚度减小，单位面积叶质量较小；此外，亚okra叶片更深的裂片通过将叶面积指数降低11.24%-22.84%改善了植株冠层结构。同样，具有亚okra叶形的品系的PAR截获率也降低了。亚okra叶片的叶绿素含量低于okra和正常叶形；然而，在大多数生长阶段，亚okra叶片的净光合速率比其他叶形高8.17%-29.81%。虽然具有亚okra叶形的品系的生物量低于具有正常叶片的品系，但与具有正常叶片的品系相比，具有亚okra叶形的品系的平均首次收获产量和总产量分别提高了6.36%和5.72%。因此，冠层结构以及光合和生理特性的改善有助于优化光环境，从而提高具有亚okra叶形的品系的产量。我们的结果表明，来自海岛棉的亚okra叶性状可能在培育高光效短季品种和提高产量方面具有实际应用价值，这将有利于短季品种。
