The Importance of Psychological Assessment in the Management of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis and Vulvodynia: A Case Report.

This case report emphasizes the crucial role of psychological assessment in the management of patients with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and vulvodynia. A 48-year-old woman with a five-year history of refractory BPS/IC and vulvodynia presented with frequent urination, pelvic pain, and severe dyspareunia, which led to sexual aversion and divorce from her partner. Previous treatments, including lifestyle modifications, analgesics, anticholinergics, hydrodistension, intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide, and psychiatric interventions, had been ineffective. Psychological assessments using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 revealed severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, and alexithymia. Due to the patient's sexual aversion and the absence of a partner, a complete Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) could not be administered. Instead, a partial FSFI and artificial intelligence-translated reference value of the Female Sexual Distress Scale-Revised were used to assess aspects relevant to the patient's condition. The patient underwent three monthly sessions of Fotona laser therapy, erbium, and neodymium laser at one-month intervals. Treatment outcomes were evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale-11, Vulvodynia Total, Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index, and psychological assessment tools. At the six-month follow-up, all physical and psychological symptoms showed significant improvement and complete remission was achieved at 12 months. Despite the overall positive treatment outcomes, the patient's sexual aversion persisted, and accurate measurement was not possible, highlighting the complexity of addressing sexual function in patients with BPS/IC and vulvodynia. This case report underscores the need for a holistic approach to managing these conditions, addressing both the physical and psychological aspects of the disease.