Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9063, USA.
Department of Neonatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, Netherlands.
Clin Perinatol. 2024 Sep;51(3):629-647. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 May 22.
MRI of the brain is a critical tool in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of neonatal encephalopathy (NE). More than simply a diagnostic and prognostic tool, MRI informs the biology, nature, and timing of the disease process resulting in NE, of which the largest single etiology is hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Historically, 2 major patterns of injury were seen in HIE: a basal ganglia/thalamus predominant pattern and a watershed pattern of injury. The advent of therapeutic hypothermia for NE/HIE, alongside improvements in the application of imaging technology in newborn infants, has resulted in progressively more advanced MRI scoring systems.
脑部磁共振成像（MRI）是诊断、评估和治疗新生儿脑病（NE）的重要工具。MRI 不仅是一种诊断和预后工具，还能提供有关导致 NE 的疾病过程的生物学、性质和时间的信息，其中最大的单一病因是缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）。历史上，HIE 可见两种主要的损伤模式：基底节/丘脑为主型和分水岭损伤型。NE/HIE 治疗性低温的出现，以及新生儿影像技术应用的改进，导致了更先进的 MRI 评分系统的出现。
