Han Sang Mun, Nahmgoong Hahn, Yim Kyung Min, Kim Jae Bum
National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
National Leader Research Initiatives Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Feb;36(2):147-160. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2024.07.004. Epub 2024 Aug 1.
Cellular turnover is fundamental for tissue homeostasis and integrity. Adipocyte turnover, accounting for 4% of the total cellular mass turnover in humans, is essential for adipose tissue homeostasis during metabolic stress. In obesity, an altered adipose tissue microenvironment promotes adipocyte death. To clear dead adipocytes, macrophages are recruited and form a distinctive structure known as crown-like structure; subsequently, new adipocytes are generated from adipose stem and progenitor cells in the adipogenic niche to replace dead adipocytes. Accumulating evidence indicates that adipocyte death, clearance, and adipogenesis are sophisticatedly orchestrated during adipocyte turnover. In this Review, we summarize our current understandings of each step in adipocyte turnover, discussing its key players and regulatory mechanisms.
细胞更新对于组织稳态和完整性至关重要。脂肪细胞更新占人体细胞总质量更新的4%，对于代谢应激期间的脂肪组织稳态至关重要。在肥胖状态下，改变的脂肪组织微环境会促进脂肪细胞死亡。为了清除死亡的脂肪细胞，巨噬细胞被招募并形成一种独特的结构，称为冠状结构；随后，新的脂肪细胞由脂肪生成微环境中的脂肪干细胞和祖细胞产生，以取代死亡的脂肪细胞。越来越多的证据表明，在脂肪细胞更新过程中，脂肪细胞死亡、清除和脂肪生成是精心编排的。在本综述中，我们总结了目前对脂肪细胞更新各步骤的理解，讨论了其关键参与者和调控机制。
