Williams Brian S, Piasecki Thomas M, Fiore Michael C, Conner Karen L, Slutske Wendy S
Center for Tobacco Research and Intervention, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.
Division of Hospital Medicine and Complex Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health.
Glob Epidemiol. 2024 Jul 5;8:100155. doi: 10.1016/j.gloepi.2024.100155. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Older adults are at higher risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19 with comorbidities increasing such risk. Much less is known about the outcomes of young adults with COVID-19 despite their having had high infection rates.
Our objective was to determine outcomes of hospitalized young adults with COVID-19 infection including rates of oxygen use, mortality, ICU admission, intubation, duration of hospitalization, and factors associated with adverse outcomes.
This retrospective cohort study included EHR data from 21 health systems in the United States on 18-29-year-olds hospitalized with COVID-19 from March 1, 2020 - January 31, 2022. Oxygen need was used to identify symptomatic COVID-19. Rates for mortality, ICU admission, and intubation were calculated for the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. Effects of demographic and health characteristics on outcomes were assessed as were changes in hospital outcomes over time.
Our sample included 9871 young adults hospitalized with COVID-19; 35% required oxygen. Of those who required oxygen, 53.5% were female, 23.7% had an anxiety disorder, 2.6% died ( = 89), 27.7% were admitted to the ICU ( = 955), and 15.8% were intubated ( = 547). A past-year history of any cancer was associated with a 2.1 times increased odds of death. Vaccination was associated with a >40% reduction in the odds of ICU admission. Mortality rates did not change significantly across the study period.
COVID-19 caused significant morbidity and mortality in hospitalized young adults who required oxygen. A cancer history was associated with increased risk of death. Vaccination appeared to have had a protective effect on illness severity.
老年人感染新冠病毒后出现严重后果的风险更高，合并症会增加这种风险。尽管年轻成年人的新冠病毒感染率很高，但对他们感染新冠病毒后的结局了解较少。
我们的目的是确定感染新冠病毒的住院年轻成年人的结局，包括吸氧率、死亡率、入住重症监护病房（ICU）率、插管率、住院时间以及与不良结局相关的因素。
这项回顾性队列研究纳入了美国21个医疗系统在2020年3月1日至2022年1月31日期间收治的18至29岁新冠病毒感染住院患者的电子健康记录（EHR）数据。通过是否需要吸氧来确定有症状的新冠病毒感染。计算有症状和无症状组的死亡率、入住ICU率和插管率。评估人口统计学和健康特征对结局的影响以及医院结局随时间的变化。
我们的样本包括9871名感染新冠病毒的住院年轻成年人；35%需要吸氧。在需要吸氧的患者中，53.5%为女性，23.7%患有焦虑症，2.6%死亡（n = 89），27.7%入住ICU（n = 955），15.8%接受插管（n = 547）。过去一年有任何癌症病史会使死亡几率增加2.1倍。接种疫苗与入住ICU几率降低40%以上相关。在整个研究期间，死亡率没有显著变化。
新冠病毒给需要吸氧的住院年轻成年人带来了显著的发病和死亡情况。癌症病史与死亡风险增加相关。接种疫苗似乎对疾病严重程度有保护作用。
