Department of Psychology, College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Music, College of Arts, Media, and Design, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Behav Res Methods. 2024 Oct;56(7):8038-8056. doi: 10.3758/s13428-024-02469-2. Epub 2024 Aug 5.
Early home musical environments can significantly impact sensory, cognitive, and socioemotional development. While longitudinal studies may be resource-intensive, retrospective reports are a relatively quick and inexpensive way to examine associations between early home musical environments and adult outcomes. We present the Music@Home-Retrospective scale, derived partly from the Music@Home-Preschool scale (Politimou et al., 2018), to retrospectively assess the childhood home musical environment. In two studies (total n = 578), we conducted an exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) on items, including many adapted from the Music@Home-Preschool scale. This revealed a 20-item solution with five subscales. Items retained for three subscales (Caregiver Beliefs, Caregiver Initiation of Singing, Child Engagement with Music) load identically to three in the Music@Home--Preschool Scale. We also identified two additional dimensions of the childhood home musical environment. The Attitude Toward Childhood Home Musical Environment subscale captures participants' current adult attitudes toward their childhood home musical environment, and the Social Listening Contexts subscale indexes the degree to which participants listened to music at home with others (i.e., friends, siblings, and caregivers). Music@Home-Retrospective scores were related to adult self-reports of musicality, performance on a melodic perception task, and self-reports of well-being, demonstrating utility in measuring the early home music environment as captured through this scale. The Music@Home-Retrospective scale is freely available to enable future investigations exploring how the early home musical environment relates to adult cognition, affect, and behavior.
早期的家庭音乐环境可以显著影响感官、认知和社会情感发展。虽然纵向研究可能需要大量资源，但回顾性报告是一种相对快速且廉价的方法，可以研究早期家庭音乐环境与成年后结果之间的关联。我们提出了 Music@Home-Retrospective 量表，部分源自 Music@Home-Preschool 量表（Politimou 等人，2018 年），用于回顾性评估童年家庭音乐环境。在两项研究中（总 n=578），我们对项目进行了探索性因素分析（研究 1）和验证性因素分析（研究 2），包括许多改编自 Music@Home-Preschool 量表的项目。这揭示了一个包含 20 个项目的解决方案，其中包含 5 个子量表。保留用于三个子量表（照料者信念、照料者唱歌的发起、儿童对音乐的参与）的项目与 Music@Home-Preschool 量表中的三个项目加载相同。我们还确定了童年家庭音乐环境的另外两个维度。童年家庭音乐环境态度子量表捕捉参与者当前对童年家庭音乐环境的成人态度，社会聆听情境子量表则衡量参与者在家中与他人（即朋友、兄弟姐妹和照料者）一起聆听音乐的程度。Music@Home-Retrospective 评分与成年后音乐性的自我报告、旋律感知任务的表现以及幸福感的自我报告相关，表明该量表在衡量早期家庭音乐环境方面具有实用性。Music@Home-Retrospective 量表可供免费使用，以促进未来的研究，探索早期家庭音乐环境与成人认知、情感和行为的关系。
