Balmer C M
Drug Intell Clin Pharm. 1985 Dec;19(12):887-93. doi: 10.1177/106002808501901201.
Alpha interferons are biological response modifiers that regulate immune function, slow cell proliferation, and inhibit virus replication. Large supplies of purified preparations are now available for clinical trials. Common toxicity includes an influenza-like syndrome to which tolerance occurs after several doses, and chronic fatigue and anorexia that may be dose-limiting. Myelosuppression is mild. Alpha interferons have established clinical activity against several human cancers, including melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, and renal cell carcinoma. These data and alpha interferon nomenclature are summarized in table form. Intranasal alpha interferon is effective in prophylaxis of common viral upper respiratory tract infections, although toxicity in long-term use is prohibitive. Short-term administration to high risk populations may be most useful. Optimal doses and schedules need to be determined for all indications.
α干扰素是调节免疫功能、减缓细胞增殖并抑制病毒复制的生物反应调节剂。现在有大量纯化制剂可用于临床试验。常见毒性包括类似流感的综合征，几次给药后会产生耐受性，以及可能限制剂量的慢性疲劳和厌食。骨髓抑制较轻。α干扰素已在临床上确立了对几种人类癌症的活性，包括黑色素瘤、卡波西肉瘤、多发性骨髓瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、毛细胞白血病和肾细胞癌。这些数据和α干扰素命名法以表格形式总结。鼻内α干扰素对预防常见的病毒性上呼吸道感染有效，尽管长期使用时毒性令人望而却步。对高危人群进行短期给药可能最有用。所有适应症都需要确定最佳剂量和给药方案。
