Situmorang Putri Cahaya, Ilyas Syafruddin, Nugraha Sony Eka, Syahputra Rony Abdi, Nik Abd Rahman Nik Mohd Afizan
Study Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Jul 22;15:1387866. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1387866. eCollection 2024.
Cancer refers to the proliferation and multiplication of aberrant cells inside the human body, characterized by their capacity to proliferate and infiltrate various anatomical regions. Numerous biochemical pathways and signaling molecules have an impact on the cancer auto biogenesis process. The regulation of crucial cellular processes necessary for cell survival and proliferation, which are triggered by phytochemicals, is significantly influenced by signaling pathways. These pathways or components are regulated by phytochemicals. Medicinal plants are a significant reservoir of diverse anticancer medications employed in chemotherapy. The anticancer effects of phytochemicals are mediated by several methods, including induction of apoptosis, cessation of the cell cycle, inhibition of kinases, and prevention of carcinogenic substances. This paper analyzes the phytochemistry of seven prominent plant constituents, namely, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins, focusing on the involvement of the MAPK/ERK pathway, TNF signaling, death receptors, p53, p38, and actin dynamics. Hence, this review has examined a range of phytochemicals, encompassing their structural characteristics and potential anticancer mechanisms. It has underscored the significance of plant-derived bioactive compounds in the prevention of cancer, utilizing diverse molecular pathways. In addition, this endeavor also seeks to incentivize scientists to carry out clinical trials on anticancer medications derived from plants.
癌症是指人体内部异常细胞的增殖和繁殖，其特点是具有在各个解剖区域增殖和浸润的能力。众多生化途径和信号分子对癌症的自发产生过程有影响。由植物化学物质触发的、对细胞存活和增殖所必需的关键细胞过程的调节，受到信号通路的显著影响。这些途径或成分由植物化学物质调节。药用植物是化疗中使用的各种抗癌药物的重要来源。植物化学物质的抗癌作用通过多种方式介导，包括诱导细胞凋亡、使细胞周期停止、抑制激酶以及预防致癌物质。本文分析了七种主要植物成分的植物化学性质，即生物碱、单宁、黄酮类化合物、酚类、类固醇、萜类化合物和皂苷，重点关注丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/细胞外信号调节激酶（MAPK/ERK）途径、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）信号传导、死亡受体、p53、p38和肌动蛋白动力学的参与情况。因此，本综述研究了一系列植物化学物质，包括它们的结构特征和潜在的抗癌机制。它强调了植物来源的生物活性化合物在利用多种分子途径预防癌症方面的重要性。此外，这项工作还旨在激励科学家对源自植物的抗癌药物进行临床试验。
