Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Front Immunol. 2024 Jul 22;15:1369086. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369086. eCollection 2024.
The rising prevalence of herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) infection poses a growing global public health challenge. A comprehensive understanding of its epidemiology and burden disparities in China is crucial for informing targeted and effective intervention strategies in the future.
We followed Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines for a systematic review and included publications published in Chinese and English bibliographic systems until March 31, 2024. We synthesized HSV-2 seroprevalence data across different population types. We used random-effects models for meta-analyses and conducted meta-regression to assess the association between population characteristics and seroprevalence.
Overall, 23,999 articles were identified, and 402 publications (1,203,362 participants) that reported the overall seroprevalence rates (858 stratified measures) were included. Pooled HSV-2 seroprevalence among the general population (lower risk) was 7.7% (95% CI: 6.8-8.7%). Compared to the general population, there is a higher risk of HSV-2 prevalence among intermediate-risk populations (14.8%, 95% CI: 11.0-19.1%), and key populations (31.7%, 95% CI: 27.4-36.1%). Female sexual workers (FSWs) have the highest HSV-2 risk (ARR:1.69, 95% CI: 1.61-1.78). We found northeastern regions had a higher HSV-2 seroprevalence than other regions (17.0%, 95% CI: 4.3-35.6%, ARR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.26-1.50, Northern China as the reference group). This highlighted the disparity by population risk levels and regions. We also found lower HSV-2 prevalence estimates in publications in Chinese bibliographic databases than those in English databases among key populations (such as MSM and HIV-discordant populations).
There is a gradient increase in HSV-2 prevalence risk stratification. We also identified region, population, and age disparities and heterogeneities by publication language in the HSV-2 burden. This study provides guidance for future HSV-2 prevention to eliminate disparities of HSV-2 infection and reduce overall HSV-2 burden.
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=408108, identifier CRD42023408108.
单纯疱疹病毒 2 型（HSV-2）感染的流行率不断上升，给全球公共卫生带来了日益严峻的挑战。全面了解中国的流行病学和负担差异对于制定未来有针对性和有效的干预策略至关重要。
我们遵循 Cochrane 和 PRISMA 指南进行系统综述，并纳入了截至 2024 年 3 月 31 日发表在中文和英文文献系统中的出版物。我们综合了不同人群类型的 HSV-2 血清流行率数据。我们使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，并进行荟萃回归分析，以评估人群特征与血清流行率之间的关联。
总体而言，共确定了 23999 篇文章，纳入了 402 篇出版物（1203362 名参与者），报告了总体血清流行率（858 项分层测量）。一般人群（低风险）的 HSV-2 血清流行率为 7.7%（95%CI：6.8-8.7%）。与一般人群相比，中风险人群（14.8%，95%CI：11.0-19.1%）和重点人群（31.7%，95%CI：27.4-36.1%）的 HSV-2 流行率风险更高。性工作者（FSWs）的 HSV-2 风险最高（ARR：1.69，95%CI：1.61-1.78）。我们发现东北地区的 HSV-2 血清流行率高于其他地区（17.0%，95%CI：4.3-35.6%，ARR：1.38，95%CI：1.26-1.50，以华北地区为参考组）。这突显了按人群风险水平和地区划分的差异。我们还发现，在重点人群（如男男性行为者和 HIV 不一致人群）中，中文文献数据库中的 HSV-2 流行率估计值低于英文文献数据库中的值。
HSV-2 流行率风险分层呈梯度增加。我们还发现，按出版语言划分，HSV-2 负担存在地区、人群和年龄差异及异质性。本研究为未来的 HSV-2 预防提供了指导，以消除 HSV-2 感染的差异，并降低整体 HSV-2 负担。
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=408108，标识符 CRD42023408108。
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