Centro de Investigaciones de Plagas e Insecticidas (CIPEIN-UNIDEF/CITEDEF/CONICET), Juan B. de La Salle 4397, Villa Martelli, B1603ALO, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Laboratório de Biologia, Controle e Vigilância de Insetos Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacão Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2024 Aug 6;17(1):331. doi: 10.1186/s13071-024-06405-3.
Aedes aegypti (L.) is the main vector of dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya viruses in many parts of the world, impacting millions of people worldwide each year. Insecticide-based interventions have been effective in controlling Aedes mosquito populations for several years, but in recent times, resistance to these compounds has developed, posing a global threat to the control of this mosquito.
Ovitraps were used to collect A. aegypti eggs in the cities of Tartagal and San Ramón de la Nueva Orán (Salta), Puerto Iguazú (Misiones), and Clorinda (Formosa). World Health Organization (WHO)-impregnated papers with the discriminating concentration (DC) of permethrin, 5X, 10X and pirimiphos methyl were used for the toxicological bioassays. We also genotyped each sample for the three kdr single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP): V410L, V1016I, and F1534C in individual TaqMan quantitative PCR (qPCR) reactions.
All investigated A. aegypti populations were highly resistant to permethrin, as the mortality percentage with the permethrin 10×DC remained below 98%. However, all populations were 100% susceptible to pirimiphos-methyl. Kdr genotyping demonstrated the presence of the V410L mutation for the first time in Argentina in all the populations studied. A prevalence of the triple mutant genotype (LL + II + CC) was observed in the northeastern cities of Clorinda (83.3%) and Puerto Iguazú (55.6%).
This study demonstrates for the first time the presence and intensity of resistance to permethrin in different populations from Argentina, and correlates the observed phenotype with the presence of kdr mutations (genotype).
埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）（L.）是世界上许多地区登革热、黄热病、寨卡病毒和基孔肯雅热病毒的主要传播媒介，每年影响全球数百万人。基于杀虫剂的干预措施在控制埃及伊蚊种群方面已有效实施多年，但近年来，这些化合物产生了抗药性，对这种蚊子的控制构成了全球性威胁。
在塔尔塔加尔和圣拉蒙德拉诺奥拉恩（萨尔塔）、伊瓜苏港（米西奥内斯）和克洛琳达（福尔摩沙）等城市使用诱卵器收集埃及伊蚊卵。使用世界卫生组织（世卫组织）浸渍有 5X 和 10X 溴氰菊酯及吡虫啉的识别浓度（DC）的纸张进行毒理学生物测定。我们还在个体 TaqMan 定量 PCR（qPCR）反应中对每个样本进行了三种 kdr 单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的基因分型：V410L、V1016I 和 F1534C。
所有调查的埃及伊蚊种群对溴氰菊酯均具有高度抗性，因为用 10X DC 溴氰菊酯处理的死亡率仍保持在 98%以下。然而，所有种群对吡虫啉均 100%敏感。Kdr 基因分型首次在阿根廷所有研究种群中发现了 V410L 突变。在东北部城市克洛琳达（83.3%）和伊瓜苏港（55.6%）观察到三重突变基因型（LL+II+CC）的流行率。
本研究首次证明了不同阿根廷种群对溴氰菊酯的抗性的存在和强度，并将观察到的表型与 kdr 突变（基因型）的存在相关联。
