Classification of Retronychia: A Narrative Clinical Review.

BACKGROUND

A retronychia classification system is overdue considering the most recent publications. Using the keyword "retronychia", publications with a narrative literature review were selected from PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar, adding a few select papers.

SUMMARY

This article proposes a theoretical pathophysiological basis for retronychia. Several factors alter the clinical picture of retronychia: length and periodicity of backward displacement, duration of disease, intensity of paronychia, presence and type of nail stacking (polymeronychia), and remodeling of the nail apparatus (elevation of the proximal nail, nail bed shortening, retroversion of the distal nail fold and acquired malalignment).

KEY MESSAGES

With these factors in mind, we propose a new classification system for retronychia: A standing for acute, O for ongoing, and C for chronic. We believe this easy system may increase the diagnostic acuity for the disease and its understanding.