Untargeted LC/HRMS Metabolomics Analysis and Anticancer Activity Assay on MCF-7 and A549 Cells from Lour Leaf Extract.

BACKGROUND

Cancer remains the leading cause of death globally, with breast cancer being the foremost cause among women and lung cancer ranking second for both women and men.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to identify the metabolomic content of leaves and evaluate their anticancer activities against breast and lung cancer cells, thereby providing insights into potential alternative treatments for these cancers and initiating research on active isolates from leaves.

METHODS

The research methodology involved maceration using ethanol, followed by multistage partitioning with solvents n-hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard reagents to detect the presence of alkaloids, phenolics, polyphenols, flavonoids, steroids/triterpenoids, and saponins. Metabolomic profiling was conducted using LC/HRMS, and the anticancer activities against lung cancer cells (A549) and breast cancer cells (MCF-7) were assessed using the MTT assay.

RESULTS

The results showed that the extract contains various secondary metabolite groups such as alkaloids, phenolics and polyphenols, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, and saponins.

CONCLUSIONS

The diverse metabolomic profile of the leaf extract demonstrated potential activity against cancer, as evidenced by in vitro tests on lung (A549) and breast (MCF-7) cancer cells. leaf extract shows promise as an active ingredient in the prevention and alternative natural treatment of lung and breast cancer. Further research and testing, both in vivo and clinically, are warranted.