Abdullah Md, Idrak Fatin, Kabir Purnima, Bhuiyan Mohammad Amir Hossain
Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 9;10(14):e34328. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34328. eCollection 2024 Jul 30.
A major portion of Bangladesh is currently experiencing a scarcity of safe drinking water because of arsenic contamination, high salinity and human-induced pollution. The objectives of this study were to identify locations with a high scarcity of drinking water and suitability of harvesting rainwater. Kriging interpolation algorithms of Geographical Information System (GIS) was employed to identify the probable water scarce zones as well as suitable zones of harvesting rain water from the available data of secondary sources. Statistical methods were employed to cluster, correlate, and regress variables such as rainfall, salinity, and As. The results showed that groundwater quality in the southwestern parts of Bangladesh is saline with high concentration (>10000 μS/cm). On the other hand, the northeastern and southwestern parts of Bangladesh are also vulnerable to arsenic contamination (60 %-97 % of tubewells), compared to other regions. The rainfall zonation map, covering the years 1951-2022, indicated that the Sylhet division had the highest potential for rainfall (ranging from 2600 to 3900 mm). From this study it was demonstrated that Sylhet, Noakhali, Bhola, Barishall, Patuakhali, Bagerhat, and Khulna were identified as suitable places for sustainable rainwater harvesting (RWH). The findings of this study may play significant role towards achieving sustainable potable water supply in vulnerable zones, if they receive attention from policymakers.
由于砷污染、高盐度和人为污染，孟加拉国的大部分地区目前正面临安全饮用水短缺的问题。本研究的目的是确定饮用水极度短缺的地点以及收集雨水的适宜性。利用地理信息系统（GIS）的克里金插值算法，根据二手资料的现有数据，确定可能的缺水区域以及收集雨水的合适区域。采用统计方法对降雨、盐度和砷等变量进行聚类、相关性分析和回归分析。结果表明，孟加拉国西南部的地下水水质呈高盐度（>10000 μS/cm）。另一方面，与其他地区相比，孟加拉国的东北部和西南部也容易受到砷污染（管井的60%-97%）。覆盖1951-2022年的降雨分区图表明，锡尔赫特地区的降雨潜力最大（范围为2600至3900毫米）。从这项研究可以看出，锡尔赫特、诺阿卡利、博拉、巴里萨尔、帕图阿卡利、巴盖尔哈德和库尔纳被确定为可持续雨水收集（RWH）的合适地点。如果这项研究的结果能得到政策制定者的关注，可能会对在脆弱地区实现可持续饮用水供应发挥重要作用。
