Hossain Mohammed Sadid, Nahar Nazneen, Shaibur Molla Rahman, Bhuiyan Md Tareq, Siddique Abu Bakar, Al Maruf Abdullah, Khan Abu Shamim
Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
Environmental Laboratory, Asia Arsenic Network, Arsenic Center, Benapole Road, Krishnobati, Pulerhat, Jashore, 7400, Bangladesh.
Heliyon. 2024 Jan 3;10(1):e24011. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24011. eCollection 2024 Jan 15.
The study focuses on the chemistry of groundwater and if it is suitable for drinking and for use in agriculture using water quality indices, GIS mapping, and multivariate analyses in Sharsa Upazila, Jashore district, Bangladesh. In this study, the concentration of NH, K, Ca, EC, Turbidity overstep BDWS drinking standards in 69 %, 14 %, 100 %, 40 % (WHO), 73 % of samples respectively. The value of Water Quality Indices (WQI) results inferred that the maximum specimen was held good quality for drinking uses, and the values distributed central eastern part to the south-eastern part were good quality water in the selected studied area. The study area's PH, EC, SAR, Na (%), TH, and NO values were mapped using GIS tools to show their spatial distribution. The cluster and correlation matrix analyses are used to validate for Principle Component Analysis (PCA). The five PCA results exhibited that the presence of EC, turbidity, K, SO and NO was significant and was caused by both geogenic (rock weathering and cation exchange) and anthropogenic (agrochemicals, animal feedback) factor. According to the hydro-geochemical data, the maximum number of samples is of the Ca-Mg-HCO3-Cl type and is dominated by rocks. The irrigation water indices like MH, KR, SAR, and %Na indicate show high-quality groundwater for irrigation purposes. Most of the samples were satisfactory and compiled with WHO and Bangladeshi criteria for standard drinking water guideline values.
该研究聚焦于孟加拉国杰索尔地区沙尔萨乌帕齐拉地下水的化学性质，以及利用水质指标、地理信息系统绘图和多变量分析来判断其是否适合饮用和农业用水。在本研究中，氨、钾、钙、电导率、浊度的浓度分别超过了69%、14%、100%、40%（世界卫生组织标准）、73%的样本的孟加拉国饮用水标准。水质指数（WQI）结果表明，大部分样本水质良好可用于饮用，在选定研究区域内，从中部偏东到东南部区域的水质均为优质水。利用地理信息系统工具绘制了研究区域的pH值、电导率、钠吸附比、钠含量（%）、总硬度和硝酸盐含量图，以显示它们的空间分布。采用聚类分析和相关矩阵分析来验证主成分分析（PCA）。五个主成分分析结果表明，电导率、浊度、钾、硫酸根和硝酸盐的存在具有显著性，是由地质成因（岩石风化和阳离子交换）和人为因素（农用化学品、动物排泄物）共同导致的。根据水文地球化学数据，大部分样本属于Ca-Mg-HCO₃-Cl类型，主要受岩石影响。钠镁比、凯利比率、钠吸附比和钠含量（%）等灌溉水指标表明，该地区地下水水质良好，适合灌溉。大多数样本令人满意，符合世界卫生组织和孟加拉国的标准饮用水指导值标准。
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