Betke Briana A, Gottdenker Nicole L, Meyers Lauren Ancel, Becker Daniel J
Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
iScience. 2024 Jul 12;27(7):110369. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110369. eCollection 2024 Jul 19.
Although the global conversion of wildlife habitat to built environments often has negative impacts on biodiversity, some wildlife species have the ability to cope by living in human-made structures. However, the determinants of this adaptation on a global scale are not well understood and may signify species with unique conservation needs at the human-wildlife interface. Here, we identify the trait profile associated with anthropogenic roosting in bats globally and characterize the evolution of this phenotype using an original dataset of roosting behavior developed across 1,279 extant species. Trait-based analyses showed that anthropogenic roosting is predictable across bats and is associated with larger geographic ranges, habitat generalism, temperate zone distributions, small litter and body size, and insectivory. We identified moderate phylogenetic signal in this complex trait profile, which has undergone both gains and losses across bat evolution and for which speciation rates are lower compared to natural roosting bats.
尽管全球范围内野生动物栖息地转变为建筑环境通常会对生物多样性产生负面影响，但一些野生动物物种有能力通过生活在人造结构中加以应对。然而，在全球范围内这种适应的决定因素尚未得到充分理解，这可能意味着在人类与野生动物的交界处存在具有独特保护需求的物种。在此，我们确定了全球蝙蝠中与人为栖息相关的性状概况，并利用一个涵盖1279个现存物种的栖息行为原始数据集，对这种表型的进化进行了表征。基于性状的分析表明，人为栖息在蝙蝠中是可预测的，并且与更大的地理分布范围、栖息地泛化、温带分布、较小的产仔数和体型以及食虫性有关。我们在这一复杂的性状概况中发现了适度的系统发育信号，该信号在蝙蝠进化过程中既有增加也有减少，与自然栖息的蝙蝠相比，其物种形成速率较低。
