Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, 03722 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 04107 Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Sep 30;53(19):9446-9489. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00094c.
Proteins, which are ubiquitous in cells and critical to almost all cellular functions, are indispensable for life. Fluorescence imaging of proteins is key to understanding their functions within their native milieu, as it provides insights into protein localization, dynamics, and trafficking in living systems. Consequently, the selective labeling of target proteins with fluorophores has emerged as a highly active research area, encompassing bioorganic chemistry, chemical biology, and cell biology. Various methods for selectively labeling proteins with fluorophores in cells and tissues have been established and are continually being developed to visualize and characterize proteins. This review highlights research findings reported since 2018, with a focus on the selective labeling of cellular proteins with small organic fluorophores and their biological applications in studying protein-associated biological events. We also discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each labeling approach for their utility in living systems.
蛋白质在细胞中无处不在，对几乎所有细胞功能都至关重要，是生命所必需的。蛋白质的荧光成像对于理解其在天然环境中的功能至关重要，因为它可以深入了解蛋白质在活系统中的定位、动态和运输。因此，用荧光团选择性标记靶蛋白已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域，涵盖了生物有机化学、化学生物学和细胞生物学。已经建立了各种在细胞和组织中选择性标记蛋白质的方法，并不断开发新的方法来可视化和表征蛋白质。本综述重点介绍了自 2018 年以来的研究发现，特别关注小分子有机荧光团对细胞蛋白的选择性标记及其在研究与蛋白质相关的生物事件中的生物学应用。我们还讨论了每种标记方法的优缺点，以评估其在活系统中的实用性。
