Wu Jun, Wang Jia, Zeng Yicheng, Sun Xinxiao, Yuan Qipeng, Liu Ling, Shen Xiaolin
State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Bioresour Bioprocess. 2024 Aug 7;11(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s40643-024-00793-1.
The widespread use of polymers has made our lives increasingly convenient by offering a more convenient and dependable material. However, the challenge of efficiently decomposing these materials has resulted in a surge of polymer waste, posing environment and health risk. Currently, landfill and incineration treatment approaches have notable shortcomings, prompting a shift towards more eco-friendly and sustainable biodegradation approaches. Biodegradation primarily relies on microorganisms, with research focusing on both solitary bacterial strain and multi-strain communities for polymer biodegradation. Furthermore, directed evolution and rational design of enzyme have significantly contributed to the polymer biodegradation process. However, previous reviews often undervaluing the role of multi-strain communities. In this review, we assess the current state of these three significant fields of research, provide practical solutions to issues with polymer biodegradation, and outline potential future directions for the subject. Ultimately, biodegradation, whether facilitated by single bacteria, multi-strain communities, or engineered enzymes, now represents the most effective method for managing waste polymers.
聚合物的广泛使用通过提供更方便、可靠的材料，使我们的生活越来越便利。然而，有效分解这些材料所面临的挑战导致聚合物废物激增，对环境和健康构成风险。目前，填埋和焚烧处理方法存在显著缺点，促使人们转向更环保、可持续的生物降解方法。生物降解主要依赖微生物，研究重点既包括用于聚合物生物降解的单一菌株，也包括多菌株群落。此外，酶的定向进化和合理设计对聚合物生物降解过程有显著贡献。然而，以往的综述往往低估了多菌株群落在聚合物生物降解中的作用。在本综述中，我们评估了这三个重要研究领域的现状，针对聚合物生物降解问题提供了切实可行的解决方案，并概述了该主题未来可能的发展方向。最终，无论是由单一细菌、多菌株群落还是工程酶促进的生物降解，现在都代表了管理废弃聚合物的最有效方法。
