Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium.
Laboratory of Foodborne Parasitic Zoonoses, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Aug 7;18(8):e0012400. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012400. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Geographically targeted Taenia solium ring approaches consisting of treating individuals within a radius of 100-meter of a cysticercosis positive pig have been trialled in Peru. This study explored if a similar approach could be proposed to control T. solium transmission in a post elimination setting in Zambia, focussing on community members' willingness to be sampled and treated.
The study was conducted in a community where elimination of active T. solium transmission was achieved. All eligible pigs and people were sampled, at 4- to 6-monthly intervals, followed by implementation of the ring treatment approach. This implied that whenever a pig was seropositive for cysticercosis during sampling, every human and pig residing in a radius of 50-meters of the seropositive pig would be treated. The results of the positive human stool samples were used to create the rings, whenever no pigs were positive. From June 2018 to October 2019, four samplings, followed by ring treatments were conducted. Between 84% and 91% of the willing people provided a stool sample, covering 46% to 59% of the total population living in the study area. Between 78% and 100% of the eligible pigs got sampled. Three ring treatments were based on porcine seropositivity and one on taeniosis results. Two to four rings were opened per sampling. During the ring treatments, between 89% and 100% of the eligible human and pig population living within a ring was treated.
Participants were willing to participate and get treatment, once the rings were opened. However, the utility of ring treatment approaches in a post elimination setting needs further evaluation, given the lack of highly accurate diagnostic tools for porcine cysticercosis and the challenges in obtaining stool samples. The ring treatment approach adopted should be further improved before recommendations to public health authorities can be given.
在秘鲁，已经尝试了一种针对地理区域的带绦虫环方法，该方法包括在囊尾蚴病阳性猪的 100 米半径范围内治疗个体。本研究探讨了在赞比亚消除活动带绦虫传播的背景下，是否可以提出类似的方法来控制 T. solium 传播，重点是社区成员接受采样和治疗的意愿。
该研究在一个已经实现主动带绦虫传播消除的社区进行。所有符合条件的猪和人均接受采样，间隔 4-6 个月，然后实施环治疗方法。这意味着，每当在采样过程中发现猪血清阳性时，距离血清阳性猪 50 米范围内的所有人和猪都将接受治疗。只要没有猪呈阳性，就会使用阳性人粪便样本的结果来创建环。从 2018 年 6 月至 2019 年 10 月，进行了四次采样和环治疗。在愿意的人中，有 84%至 91%提供了粪便样本，覆盖了研究区域内总人口的 46%至 59%。有 78%至 100%的合格猪接受了采样。三次环治疗是基于猪的血清阳性，一次是基于带绦虫病结果。每次采样都会打开 2 到 4 个环。在环治疗期间，居住在环内的有资格的人和猪的人口中，有 89%至 100%接受了治疗。
一旦打开环，参与者愿意参与并接受治疗。然而，鉴于缺乏针对猪囊尾蚴病的高度准确诊断工具以及获得粪便样本的挑战，环治疗方法在消除后的环境中的实用性需要进一步评估。在向公共卫生当局提出建议之前，应进一步改进所采用的环治疗方法。
