MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Control, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
Environ Int. 2024 Aug;190:108933. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108933. Epub 2024 Aug 3.
Automotive interiors have been identified as significant sources of various chemicals, yet their occupational hazards for end-of-life vehicle (ELV) dismantlers remain poorly characterized. Herein, eight classes of plasticizers, including 11 phthalates esters (PAEs) and 16 non-phthalates esters (NPAEs), were detected in dust samples from inside and outside ELV dismantling workshops. Moreover, indoor dust from ordinary households and university dormitories was compared. The indoor dust from the ELV dismantling workshops contained the highest concentrations of plasticizers (median: 594 μg/g), followed by ordinary households (296 µg/g), university dormitories (186 µg/g), and outdoor dust (157 µg/g). PAEs remained the dominant plasticizers, averaging 11.7-fold higher than their NPAE alternatives. Specifically, diisononyl phthalate and trioctyl trimellitate were notably elevated in workshop dust, being 15.5 and 4.78 times higher, respectively, than in ordinary household dust, potentially indicating their association with ELV dismantling activities. The estimated daily intake of occupational ELV dismantling workers was up to five times higher than that of the general population. Moreover, certain dominant NPAEs demonstrated nuclear receptor interference abilities comparable to typical PAEs, suggesting potential toxic effects. This study is the first to demonstrate that ELV dismantling activities contribute to the co-emission of PAEs and NPAEs, posing a substantial risk of exposure to workers, which warrants further investigation.
汽车内饰已被确定为各种化学物质的重要来源，但它们对报废车辆（ELV）拆解工人的职业危害仍未得到充分描述。在此，在 ELV 拆解车间内外的粉尘样本中检测到了 8 类增塑剂，包括 11 种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）和 16 种非邻苯二甲酸酯（NPAEs）。此外，还比较了普通家庭和大学宿舍的室内灰尘。ELV 拆解车间内的室内灰尘含有最高浓度的增塑剂（中位数：594μg/g），其次是普通家庭（296μg/g）、大学宿舍（186μg/g）和室外灰尘（157μg/g）。PAEs 仍然是主要的增塑剂，平均浓度比其 NPAE 替代品高 11.7 倍。具体而言，邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯和三辛基三（2-甲氧基乙基）酯在车间灰尘中的含量明显升高，分别比普通家庭灰尘中的含量高 15.5 倍和 4.78 倍，这可能表明它们与 ELV 拆解活动有关。职业性 ELV 拆解工人的估计日摄入量是一般人群的 5 倍以上。此外，某些主要的 NPAEs 表现出与典型 PAEs 相当的核受体干扰能力，表明存在潜在的毒性影响。这项研究首次表明，ELV 拆解活动导致 PAEs 和 NPAEs 的共同排放，对工人造成了巨大的暴露风险，这需要进一步调查。
