Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, Murray, KY, 42071, United States.
Department of Chemistry, Murray State University, Murray, KY, 42071, United States.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Nov;230:701-708. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.028. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
The quality of indoor environment has received considerable attention owing to the declining outdoor human activities and the associated public health issues. The prolonged exposure of children in childcare facilities or the occupational exposure of adults to indoor environmental triggers can be a culprit of the pathophysiology of several commonly observed idiopathic syndromes. In this study, concentrations of potentially toxic plasticizers (phthalates as well as non-phthalates) were investigated in 28 dust samples collected from three different indoor environments across the USA. The mean concentrations of non-phthalate plasticizers [acetyl tri-n-butyl citrate (ATBC), di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), and di-isobutyl adipate (DIBA)] were found at 0.51-880 μg/g for the first time in indoor dust samples from childcare facilities, homes, and salons across the USA. The observed concentrations of these replacement non-phthalate plasticizer were as high as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, the most frequently detected phthalate plasticizer at highest concentration worldwide, in most of indoor dust samples. The estimated daily intakes of total phthalates (n = 7) by children and toddlers through indoor dust in childcare facilities were 1.6 times higher than the non-phthalate plasticizers (n = 3), whereas estimated daily intake of total non-phthalates for all age groups at homes were 1.9 times higher than the phthalate plasticizers. This study reveals, for the first time, a more elevated (∼3 folds) occupational intake of phthalate and non-phthalate plasticizers through the indoor dust at salons (214 and 285 ng/kg-bw/day, respectively) than at homes in the USA.
由于户外活动减少以及由此引发的公共卫生问题，室内环境质量受到了相当多的关注。儿童在日托设施中长时间暴露，或成年人在室内环境中接触到环境触发因素，可能是几种常见特发性综合征发病机制的罪魁祸首。在这项研究中，研究人员调查了从美国三个不同室内环境收集的 28 个灰尘样本中潜在有毒增塑剂（邻苯二甲酸酯和非邻苯二甲酸酯）的浓度。首次在美国家庭日托设施、家庭和沙龙的室内灰尘样本中发现非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂[乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯（ATBC）、己二酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHA）和二异丁基邻苯二甲酸酯（DIBA）]的平均浓度为 0.51-880μg/g。在大多数室内灰尘样本中，这些替代非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂的浓度与最常检测到的邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯一样高，在世界范围内浓度最高。在日托设施中，通过室内灰尘摄入的儿童和幼儿总邻苯二甲酸酯（n=7）的估计每日摄入量比非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂（n=3）高 1.6 倍，而家庭中所有年龄段的总非邻苯二甲酸酯的估计每日摄入量比邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂高 1.9 倍。这项研究首次揭示了沙龙（分别为 214 和 285ng/kg-bw/天）与美国家庭相比，通过室内灰尘摄入邻苯二甲酸酯和非邻苯二甲酸酯增塑剂的职业摄入量更高（约 3 倍）。
