Nwaejigh Promise C, Ebesunun Maria O, Oladimeji Oluwaseye M
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu, Nigeria.
Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Nigeria.
Afr J Lab Med. 2024 Jul 17;13(1):2286. doi: 10.4102/ajlm.v13i1.2286. eCollection 2024.
Recent evidence has linked changes in plasma lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) levels with increased risk for development of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in different populations. However, studies on this in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa are scarce.
This study assessed the association between reduced plasma LCAT and PON-1 levels and an increased risk of ASCVD, and their potential as biomarkers for ASCVD.
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease patients and healthy controls were randomly selected for this cross-sectional case-control study from the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria, between March 2022 and March 2023. Plasma LCAT and PON-1 were determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while the lipid profile was measured by spectrophotometry.
A total of 153 ASCVD patients (mean age: 52.92 ± 10.24 years) and 50 healthy controls (mean age: 46.96 ± 11.05 years) were included in the analyses. Stastistically significant increases were observed in the mean body weight, hip circumference, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, diastolic and systolic blood pressure (all ≤ 0.001), and pulse rate ( = 0.003) compared to the control values. Statistically significant increases were also observed in the mean plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all ≤ 0.001). In contrast, the mean plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LCAT, and PON-1 ( ≤ 0.001) were notably reduced compared to the control values.
The present study provides supportive evidence that changes in plasma LCAT and PON-1 could predispose individuals to risk of premature ASCVD.
Plasma LCAT and PON-1 may serve as independent markers or complement other established cardiovascular disease markers to discriminate the risk of ASCVD when it is unclear.
最近的证据表明，血浆卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶（LCAT）和对氧磷酶-1（PON-1）水平的变化与不同人群中过早发生动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病（ASCVD）的风险增加有关。然而，在尼日利亚和撒哈拉以南非洲地区对此的研究很少。
本研究评估了血浆LCAT和PON-1水平降低与ASCVD风险增加之间的关联，以及它们作为ASCVD生物标志物的潜力。
2022年3月至2023年3月期间，从尼日利亚拉各斯伊凯贾的拉各斯州立大学教学医院随机选择动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病患者和健康对照进行这项横断面病例对照研究。采用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法测定血浆LCAT和PON-1，用分光光度法测量血脂谱。
分析共纳入153例ASCVD患者（平均年龄：52.92±10.24岁）和50例健康对照（平均年龄：46.96±11.05岁）。与对照值相比，平均体重、臀围、腰围、腰臀比、体重指数、舒张压和收缩压（均≤0.001）以及脉搏率（=0.003）均有统计学意义的显著增加。平均血浆总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（均≤0.001）也有统计学意义的显著增加。相比之下，平均血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、LCAT和PON-1（≤0.001）与对照值相比显著降低。
本研究提供了支持性证据，表明血浆LCAT和PON-1的变化可能使个体易患过早发生的ASCVD风险。
当情况不明时，血浆LCAT和PON-1可作为独立标志物或补充其他已确立的心血管疾病标志物来区分ASCVD风险。
