Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil,
Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brasil.
Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2021 Nov 24;65(6):676-683. doi: 10.20945/2359-3997000000354. Epub 2021 Apr 12.
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme that has antioxidant potential, which confers a protective effect against the atherosclerotic process. However, studies associating genetics, dietary patterns and PON1 activity in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) are scarce. Thus, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the influence of dietary factors on serum PON1 in CVD patients.
Cross-sectional, sub-study of the BALANCE Program Trial. All patients aged 45 years or older and had evidence of established atherosclerotic disease in the preceding 10 years. Body weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose were collected. Food intake was assessed with 24-h dietary recall. Data was analyzed using SAS University Edition and a P value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Sample was divided into three groups, according to the PON1 T(-107)C genotype (CC, CT and TT) and serum PON1 activity (Low, Medium, High).
There were no genotype differences for major factors. However, the systolic blood pressure was lower for CT individuals (p<0.05). Intake of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (SFA) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAS) was higher in patients with lower PON1 activity. Lipid ingestion tended to be higher in patients with lower PON1 activity (p=0.08). In the multivariate logistic regression model, SFA intake (P=0.03), genotype (P=0.09), gender (P=0.04), age (P=0.07) and carbohydrate intake (P=0.16) contributed the most to the serum PON1 activity.
Based on these findings, nutritional guidance for these patients becomes essential, since dietary components interact with serum PON1 activity more than genotype.
对氧磷酶 1（PON1）是一种具有抗氧化潜力的酶，可对动脉粥样硬化过程起到保护作用。然而，关于心血管疾病（CVD）患者的遗传学、饮食模式与 PON1 活性之间的关联研究还很少。因此，本研究旨在评估饮食因素对 CVD 患者血清 PON1 的影响。
BALANCE 计划试验的横断面亚研究。所有年龄在 45 岁或以上且在过去 10 年内有明确动脉粥样硬化疾病证据的患者。收集体重、身高、腰围、血压、血脂和空腹血糖。采用 24 小时膳食回顾法评估食物摄入量。采用 SAS 大学版进行数据分析，P 值≤0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。根据 PON1 T（-107）C 基因型（CC、CT 和 TT）和血清 PON1 活性（低、中、高）将样本分为三组。
主要因素无基因型差异。然而，CT 个体的收缩压较低（p<0.05）。PON1 活性较低的患者胆固醇、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）和单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAS）的摄入量较高。PON1 活性较低的患者脂质摄入量也较高（p=0.08）。在多变量逻辑回归模型中，SFA 摄入量（P=0.03）、基因型（P=0.09）、性别（P=0.04）、年龄（P=0.07）和碳水化合物摄入量（P=0.16）对血清 PON1 活性的影响最大。
基于这些发现，对这些患者进行营养指导变得至关重要，因为饮食成分与血清 PON1 活性的相互作用比基因型更为重要。
