Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1448:565-572. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-59815-9_37.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine elevated in cytokine storm syndromes, including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). It is also elevated in cytokine release syndrome (CRS) after immune activating cancer therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells or bispecific T-cell engagers (BITEs) and in some patients after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The interaction of IL-6 with its receptor complex can happen in several forms, making effectively blocking this cytokine's effects clinically challenging. Fortunately, effective clinical agents targeting the IL-6 receptor (tocilizumab) and IL-6 directly (siltuximab) have been developed and are approved for use in humans. IL-6 blockade has now been used to safely and effectively treat several cytokine storm syndromes (CSS). Other methods of investigation in effective IL-6 blockade are underway.
白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 是细胞因子风暴综合征中升高的促炎细胞因子，包括噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症 (HLH) 和巨噬细胞活化综合征 (MAS)。它也在免疫激活的癌症治疗后升高，如嵌合抗原受体 (CAR) T 细胞或双特异性 T 细胞衔接器 (BITE)，并在一些感染 SARS-CoV-2 的患者中升高。IL-6 与其受体复合物的相互作用可以以几种形式发生，因此临床上有效地阻断这种细胞因子的作用具有挑战性。幸运的是，已经开发出针对 IL-6 受体 (托珠单抗) 和 IL-6 本身 (西妥昔单抗) 的有效临床药物，并已获准在人类中使用。IL-6 阻断已被用于安全有效地治疗几种细胞因子风暴综合征 (CSS)。正在进行其他方法来研究有效的 IL-6 阻断。
