Jing Fenwick Feng, Zhou Jing, Ge Jiaying, Wang Xiaoyu, Tang Mengjiao, Zhao Shenyu, Cui Yanqiu, Bai Lijing, Xia Xiyang, Chen Yang, Shen Dan, Chen Haiying, Wen Juan, Hu Lingmin, Lu Renjie
School of Management, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, 276826, China.
Department of Reproduction, Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Changzhou Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213000, China.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Aug 8;12(1):430. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-01910-7.
Since January 8, 2023, China has managed COVID-19 as a Class-B infectious disease, marking the epidemic's transition to a low-level stage. This study analyzes the relationship between the public's perceived a community with shared future for doctor-patient (PCSF), health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety in this stage. Additionally, it compares changes in these variables across different stages of COVID-19.
Using a repeated cross-sectional design, three surveys were conducted respectively in three different stages of COVID-19 in China. Specifically, the first survey was conducted in Beijing, Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, and Shangrao from November 13 to 20, 2021 in the outbreak stage of COVID-19, yielding 1,252 valid responses out of 1,534 collected questionnaires. The second survey was conducted in Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, Shangrao, and Lanzhou from December 1 to 19, 2021 in the stable stage of COVID-19, with 872 valid responses obtained from 1,075 collected questionnaires. The third survey was conducted in Beijing, Dalian, Zhengzhou, Heihe, Shangrao, Lanzhou, and Chengdu from January 29 to February 4, 2023 in the low epidemic level stage of COVID-19, achieving 2,113 valid responses from the 2,461 questionnaires collected.
Unlike in the outbreak stage but similar to the stable stage, the public's anxiety, health self-consciousness and benefit finding decreased while PCSF was improved in the low epidemic level stage. Consistent with both the outbreak and stable stage, PCSF, health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety showed positive correlations in the low epidemic level stage, with health self-consciousness partially mediating the positive impact of PCSF on benefit finding. Unlike in the stable stage but similar to the outbreak stage, anxiety did not moderate the relationship between PCSF and health self-consciousness in the low epidemic level stage.
The public's health self-consciousness, benefit finding, and anxiety decreased, while PCSF increased in the low epidemic level stage. Furthermore, PCSF had a greater impact on benefit finding, and anxiety's impact on health self-consciousness was significantly reduced. Across different stages of COVID-19, PCSF directly increased benefit finding and also enhanced benefit finding by improving health self-consciousness. Thus, comprehensive intervention measures are beneficial in the low epidemic level stage.
自2023年1月8日起，中国将新型冠状病毒肺炎调整为乙类传染病管理，标志着疫情进入低流行阶段。本研究分析了该阶段公众的医患命运共同体认知、健康自我意识、获益发现与焦虑之间的关系。此外，还比较了这些变量在新型冠状病毒肺炎不同阶段的变化情况。
采用重复横断面设计，在中国新型冠状病毒肺炎的三个不同阶段分别进行了三次调查。具体而言，第一次调查于2021年11月13日至20日在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情爆发阶段，在北京、大连、郑州、黑河和上饶进行，共收集问卷1534份，有效问卷1252份。第二次调查于2021年12月1日至19日在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情稳定阶段，在大连、郑州、黑河、上饶和兰州进行，共收集问卷1075份，有效问卷872份。第三次调查于2023年1月29日至2月4日在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情低流行阶段，在北京、大连、郑州、黑河、上饶、兰州和成都进行，共收集问卷2461份，有效问卷2113份。
与疫情爆发阶段不同，但与稳定阶段相似，在疫情低流行阶段，公众的焦虑、健康自我意识和获益发现下降，而医患命运共同体认知得到改善。与疫情爆发阶段和稳定阶段一致，在疫情低流行阶段，医患命运共同体认知、健康自我意识、获益发现和焦虑呈正相关，健康自我意识部分介导了医患命运共同体认知对获益发现的积极影响。与稳定阶段不同，但与疫情爆发阶段相似，在疫情低流行阶段，焦虑并未调节医患命运共同体认知与健康自我意识之间的关系。
在疫情低流行阶段，公众的健康自我意识、获益发现和焦虑下降，而医患命运共同体认知增加。此外，医患命运共同体认知对获益发现的影响更大，焦虑对健康自我意识的影响显著降低。在新型冠状病毒肺炎的不同阶段，医患命运共同体认知直接增加了获益发现，也通过提高健康自我意识增强了获益发现。因此，综合干预措施在疫情低流行阶段是有益的。
