Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
Department of Biological Sciences, Anchor University, Lagos, Nigeria.
Cell Biochem Funct. 2024 Aug;42(6):e4104. doi: 10.1002/cbf.4104.
Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains a dominant infectious disease that affects Africa than the rest of the world, considering its associated cases and death rates. It's a febrile illness that produces several reliable biomarkers, for example, P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH), P. falciparum Plasmodium glutamate dehydrogenase (PfGDH), and P. falciparum histidine-rich proteins (HRP-II) in blood circulatory system that can easily be employed as targets in rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). In recent times, several DNA aptamers have been developed via SELEX technology to detect some specific malaria biomarkers (PfLDH, PvLDH, HRP-II, PfGDH) in a biosensor mode with good binding affinity properties to overcome the trend of cross-reactivity, limited sensitivity and stability problems that have been observed with immunodiagnostics. In this review, we summarized existing diagnostic methods and relevant biomarkers to suggest promising approaches to develop sensitive and species-specific multiplexed diagnostic devices enabling effective detection of malaria in complex biological matrices and surveillance in the endemic region.
恶性疟原虫疟疾仍然是一种主要的传染病，其在非洲的影响比世界其他地区更为严重，考虑到其相关病例和死亡率。它是一种发热性疾病，在血液循环系统中产生了几种可靠的生物标志物，例如恶性疟原虫乳酸脱氢酶（PfLDH）、恶性疟原虫谷氨酸脱氢酶（PfGDH）和恶性疟原虫组氨酸丰富蛋白（HRP-II），这些标志物可以很容易地用作快速诊断测试（RDTs）的靶标。最近，已经通过 SELEX 技术开发了几种 DNA 适体，以在生物传感器模式下检测一些特定的疟疾生物标志物（PfLDH、PvLDH、HRP-II、PfGDH），具有良好的结合亲和力特性，以克服免疫诊断中观察到的交叉反应性、有限的灵敏度和稳定性问题的趋势。在这篇综述中，我们总结了现有的诊断方法和相关的生物标志物，提出了有希望的方法来开发敏感和种特异性的多重诊断设备，以实现对复杂生物基质中疟疾的有效检测和在流行地区的监测。
