Armed Police Force Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Nepal Public Health Foundation, Kathmandu, Nepal.
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 21;14(3):e0213982. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213982. eCollection 2019.
Anemia during pregnancy is a major public health problem globally with multiple causes including inadequate dietary intakes. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of nutrition education on nutritional knowledge, hemoglobin level and dietary intake of anemic pregnant women.
A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 115 mild to moderately anemic pregnant women attending ante natal clinics. Pregnant women were consecutively enrolled and assigned to receive nutrition education and diet plan in intervention group (n = 58) and general education only in control group (n = 57). The nutrition education was given to pregnant women on individual basis at the time of enrollment and follow-ups were done through biweekly phone calls and every 4 weeks during ANC visits. Baseline data were collected using semi-structure questionnaire for interview and hemoglobin level was also measured. Data were collected after 10 weeks of nutrition education intervention. Independent sample t-test was used to compare differences between the two groups.
Out of 115 pregnant women enrolled, 107 completed the study (Intervention: 53; Control: 54). At the end of the nutrition education intervention and iron rich food based diet plan, the change in hemoglobin level was significantly high in the intervention over control group [0.56±0.40gm/dl vs. 0.16±0.82gm/dl, p = 0.002]. The change in the maternal nutritional knowledge score on anemia and iron rich foods was significantly high in the intervention over control group [8.26±4.57 vs. 1.05±6.59, p<0.001].Consumption of iron rich food was significantly high in the intervention group (P<0.05).
Provision of nutrition education and iron rich food based diet plan was significantly associated with improved hemoglobin levels, improved dietary intake and nutritional knowledge on anemia and iron rich foods.
怀孕期间贫血是一个全球性的重大公共卫生问题，其原因包括饮食摄入不足。本研究旨在评估营养教育对轻度至中度贫血孕妇营养知识、血红蛋白水平和饮食摄入的影响。
采用准实验研究方法，连续纳入 115 名在产前诊所就诊的轻度至中度贫血孕妇。将孕妇分为干预组（n=58）和对照组（n=57），干预组接受营养教育和饮食计划，对照组仅接受一般教育。在登记时和 ANC 就诊期间每 4 周通过 2 周 1 次的电话随访对孕妇进行个体营养教育。使用半结构式问卷进行访谈收集基线数据，并测量血红蛋白水平。在营养教育干预 10 周后收集数据。采用独立样本 t 检验比较两组间差异。
115 名纳入的孕妇中，有 107 名完成了研究（干预组：53 名；对照组：54 名）。在营养教育干预和富含铁的食物饮食计划结束时，干预组血红蛋白水平的变化明显高于对照组[0.56±0.40gm/dl vs. 0.16±0.82gm/dl，p=0.002]。干预组孕妇对贫血和富含铁食物的营养知识评分的变化明显高于对照组[8.26±4.57 vs. 1.05±6.59，p<0.001]。干预组富含铁的食物摄入量明显增加（P<0.05）。
提供营养教育和富含铁的食物饮食计划与改善血红蛋白水平、改善饮食摄入以及对贫血和富含铁食物的营养知识显著相关。
